{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:12:10Z","timestamp":1789729930350,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Orthodontic treatment in patients with periodontally compromised dentition often presents challenges, necessitating special considerations. This case report describes treatment of a 52-year-old female patient with advanced chronic periodontitis and pathologic tooth migration through an interdisciplinary orthodontic\u2013periodontal approach. By integrating comprehensive periodontal treatment with strategic use of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) and careful consideration of the applied force systems, both functional and esthetic concerns were addressed without causing adverse periodontal side effects. This highlights the importance of thoughtful treatment planning and integration of periodontal care during orthodontic tooth movement in treating individuals with reduced periodontal health for successful and esthetically pleasing results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/122923-866.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T20:01:11Z","timestamp":1717444871000},"page":"678-686","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Orthodontic treatment of a middle-aged patient with periodontally compromised dentition accompanied by pathologic tooth migration"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Harim","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heon","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Yul","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kee-Joon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung-Seog","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Hwan","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b01","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"137","article-title":"Five-year investigation of a large orthodontic patient population at a dental hospital in South Korea","volume":"46","author":"Piao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Piao\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              S-J,\n            \n            \n              Yu\n              H-S,\n            \n            \n              Cha\n              J-Y,\n            \n            \n              Baik\n              H-S.\n            \n          \n          Five-year investigation of a large orthodontic patient population at a dental hospital in South Korea. Korean J Orthod. 2016;46(3):137\u2013145."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b02","series-title":"Population aging as a global issue","author":"Sciubba","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sciubba\n              JD.\n            \n          \n          \n            Population aging as a global issue\n          . Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies;2020."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b03","series-title":"Spec Care Dentist","first-page":"149","article-title":"Effects of human aging on periodontal tissues","volume":"29","author":"Huttner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huttner\n              EA,\n            \n            \n              Machado\n              DC,\n            \n            \n              De Oliveira\n              RB,\n            \n            \n              Antunes\n              AGF,\n            \n            \n              Hebling\n              E.\n            \n          \n          Effects of human aging on periodontal tissues. Spec Care Dentist. 2009;29(4):149\u2013155."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b04","series-title":"J Clin Periodontol","first-page":"102","article-title":"Effect of periodontal\u2013orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drifting, and elongation in patients with severe periodontitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Papageorgiou\n              SN,\n            \n            \n              Antonoglou\n              GN,\n            \n            \n              Michelogiannakis\n              D,\n            \n            \n              Kakali\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Eliades\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Madianos\n              P.\n            \n          \n          Effect of periodontal\u2013orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drifting, and elongation in patients with severe periodontitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 2022;49:102\u2013120."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b05","series-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: 12-year report","volume":"20","author":"Re","year":"2000","unstructured":"Re\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Corrente\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Abundo\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Cardaropoli\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: 12-year report. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2000;20(1)."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b06","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"79","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: a systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Erbe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Erbe\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Heger\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Kasaj\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Berres\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Wehrbein\n              H.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(1):79\u201389."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b07","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"859","article-title":"Pathologic tooth migration","volume":"76","author":"Brunsvold","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brunsvold\n              MA.\n            \n          \n          Pathologic tooth migration. J Periodontol. 2005;76(6):859\u2013866."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b08","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"967","article-title":"Pathologic migration of anterior teeth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis","volume":"68","author":"Towfighi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Towfighi\n              PP,\n            \n            \n              Brunsvold\n              MA,\n            \n            \n              Storey\n              AT,\n            \n            \n              Arnold\n              RM,\n            \n            \n              Willman\n              DE,\n            \n            \n              McMahan\n              CA.\n            \n          \n          Pathologic migration of anterior teeth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1997;68(10):967\u2013972."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b09","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"Maxillomandibular arch width differences at estimated centers of resistance: comparison between normal occlusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion","volume":"47","author":"Koo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koo\n              Y-J,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              S-H,\n            \n            \n              Keum\n              B-T,\n            \n            et al.\n          Maxillomandibular arch width differences at estimated centers of resistance: comparison between normal occlusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion. Korean J Orthod. 2017;47(3):167\u2013175."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"692","article-title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of dentofacial transverse widths of adults with various vertical facial patterns","volume":"153","author":"Hwang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hwang\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Jeong\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              YJ,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              CJ,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              HS,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              K-H.\n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional evaluation of dentofacial transverse widths of adults with various vertical facial patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018;153(5):692\u2013700."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"598","article-title":"Buccolingual inclination of first molars in untreated adults: a CBCT study","volume":"87","author":"Alkhatib","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alkhatib\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              C-H.\n            \n          \n          Buccolingual inclination of first molars in untreated adults: a CBCT study. Angle Orthod. 2017;87(4):598\u2013602."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b12","series-title":"Periodontol 2000","first-page":"140","article-title":"Effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal tissues","volume":"74","author":"Antoun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Antoun\n              JS,\n            \n            \n              Mei\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Gibbs\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Farella\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal tissues. Periodontol 2000. 2017;74(1):140\u2013157."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b13","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"314","article-title":"Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys","volume":"52","author":"Steiner","year":"1981","unstructured":"Steiner\n              GG,\n            \n            \n              Pearson\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Ainamo\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys. J Periodontol. 1981;52(6):314\u2013320."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b14","series-title":"J Clin Periodontol","first-page":"121","article-title":"Some periodontal tissue reactions to orthodontic tooth movement in monkeys","volume":"14","author":"Wennstr\u00f6m","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wennstr\u00f6m\n              JL,\n            \n            \n              Lindhe\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Sinclair\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Thilander\n              B.\n            \n          \n          Some periodontal tissue reactions to orthodontic tooth movement in monkeys. J Clin Periodontol. 1987;14(3):121\u2013129."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"191","article-title":"Periodontal implications of orthodontic treatment in adults with reduced or normal periodontal tissues versus those of adolescents","volume":"96","author":"Boyd","year":"1989","unstructured":"Boyd\n              RL,\n            \n            \n              Leggott\n              PJ,\n            \n            \n              Quinn\n              RS,\n            \n            \n              Eakle\n              WS,\n            \n            \n              Chambers\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Periodontal implications of orthodontic treatment in adults with reduced or normal periodontal tissues versus those of adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;96(3):191\u2013198. 2773862"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effects of orthodontic treatment on periodontal tissues in patients with reduced periodontal support","volume":"4","author":"Eliasson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Eliasson\n              LA,\n            \n            \n              Hugoson\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Kurol\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Siwe\n              H.\n            \n          \n          The effects of orthodontic treatment on periodontal tissues in patients with reduced periodontal support. Eur J Orthod. 1982;4(1):1\u20139."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b17","series-title":"J Oral Rehabil","first-page":"377","article-title":"The orthodontic-periodontic interrelationship in integrated treatment challenges: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Gkantidis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gkantidis\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Christou\n              P,\n            \n            \n              Topouzelis\n              N.\n            \n          \n          The orthodontic-periodontic interrelationship in integrated treatment challenges: a systematic review. J Oral Rehabil. 2010;37(5):377\u2013390."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b18","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"1380","article-title":"Is there an association between occlusion and periodontal destruction?: \u201cYes\u201d occlusal forces can contribute to periodontal destruction","volume":"137","author":"Harrel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harrel\n              SK,\n            \n            \n              Nunn\n              ME,\n            \n            \n              Hallmon\n              WW.\n            \n          \n          Is there an association between occlusion and periodontal destruction?: \u201cYes\u201d occlusal forces can contribute to periodontal destruction. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137(10):1380\u20131392."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"115","article-title":"Periodontal changes after experimentally induced intrusion of the upper incisors in Macaca fuscata monkeys","volume":"95","author":"Murakami","year":"1989","unstructured":"Murakami\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Yokota\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Takahama\n              Y.\n            \n          \n          Periodontal changes after experimentally induced intrusion of the upper incisors in Macaca fuscata monkeys. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;95(2):115\u2013126."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b20","series-title":"Seminars in Orthodontics;","article-title":"Myth and evidence in palatal expansion. Paper presented at","author":"Melsen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Melsen\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Ghafari\n              JG.\n            \n          \n          Myth and evidence in palatal expansion. Paper presented at: Seminars in Orthodontics;2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b21","series-title":"Am. J. Orthod","first-page":"67","article-title":"Orthodontic extrusion of single-rooted teeth affected with advanced periodontal disease","volume":"87","author":"van Venrooy","unstructured":"van Venrooy\n              JR,\n            \n            \n              Yukna\n              RA.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic extrusion of single-rooted teeth affected with advanced periodontal disease. Am. J. Orthod. 87(1):67\u201374."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b22","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"671","article-title":"Tissue reaction to orthodontic tooth movement\u2014a new paradigm","volume":"23","author":"Melsen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Melsen\n              B.\n            \n          \n          Tissue reaction to orthodontic tooth movement\u2014a new paradigm. Eur J Orthod. 2001;23(6):671\u2013681."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b23","series-title":"Seminars in Orthodontics;","article-title":"Maxillary transverse expansion in adults: Rationale, appliance design, and treatment outcomes. Paper presented at","author":"Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee\n              K-J,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              S-H,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              T-H,\n            \n            \n              Shi\n              K-K,\n            \n            \n              Keum\n              B-T.\n            \n          \n          Maxillary transverse expansion in adults: Rationale, appliance design, and treatment outcomes. Paper presented at: Seminars in Orthodontics;2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"42","article-title":"Palatal suture closure in man from 15 to 35 years of age","volume":"72","author":"Persson","year":"1977","unstructured":"Persson\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Thilander\n              B.\n            \n          \n          Palatal suture closure in man from 15 to 35 years of age. Am J Orthod. 1977;72(1):42\u201352."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b25","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"329","article-title":"The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material","volume":"82","author":"Melsen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Melsen\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Melsen\n              F.\n            \n          \n          The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material. Am J Orthod. 1982;82(4):329\u2013342."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b26","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"217","article-title":"Nonsurgical maxillary expansion in a 60-year-old patient with gingival recession and crowding","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              S-H,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              JH,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              K-J.\n            \n          \n          Nonsurgical maxillary expansion in a 60-year-old patient with gingival recession and crowding. Korean J Orthod. 2021;51(3):217\u2013227."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b27","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"2993","article-title":"The success and effectiveness of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion are age-and sex-dependent","volume":"26","author":"Jeon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jeon\n              JY,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              S-H,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              CJ,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              K-J.\n            \n          \n          The success and effectiveness of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion are age-and sex-dependent. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(3):2993\u20133003."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b28","series-title":"J World Fed Orthod","first-page":"141","article-title":"Three-dimensional micromorphology of human midpalatal suture and pterygomaxillary articular complex","volume":"12","author":"de Castro","year":"2023","unstructured":"de Castro\n              ACR,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Cho\n              HJ,\n            \n            et al.\n          Three-dimensional micromorphology of human midpalatal suture and pterygomaxillary articular complex. J World Fed Orthod. 2023;12(4):141\u2013149."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b29","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"713","article-title":"Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults","volume":"86","author":"Choi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi\n              S-H,\n            \n            \n              Shi\n              K-K,\n            \n            \n              Cha\n              J-Y,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              Y-C,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              K-J.\n            \n          \n          Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults. Angle Orthod. 2016;86(5):713\u2013720."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b01","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"137","article-title":"Five-year investigation of a large orthodontic patient population at a dental hospital in South Korea","volume":"46","author":"Piao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Piao\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              S-J,\n            \n            \n              Yu\n              H-S,\n            \n            \n              Cha\n              J-Y,\n            \n            \n              Baik\n              H-S.\n            \n          \n          Five-year investigation of a large orthodontic patient population at a dental hospital in South Korea. Korean J Orthod. 2016;46(3):137\u2013145."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b02","series-title":"Population aging as a global issue","author":"Sciubba","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sciubba\n              JD.\n            \n          \n          \n            Population aging as a global issue\n          . Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies;2020."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b03","series-title":"Spec Care Dentist","first-page":"149","article-title":"Effects of human aging on periodontal tissues","volume":"29","author":"Huttner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huttner\n              EA,\n            \n            \n              Machado\n              DC,\n            \n            \n              De Oliveira\n              RB,\n            \n            \n              Antunes\n              AGF,\n            \n            \n              Hebling\n              E.\n            \n          \n          Effects of human aging on periodontal tissues. Spec Care Dentist. 2009;29(4):149\u2013155."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b04","series-title":"J Clin Periodontol","first-page":"102","article-title":"Effect of periodontal\u2013orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drifting, and elongation in patients with severe periodontitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Papageorgiou\n              SN,\n            \n            \n              Antonoglou\n              GN,\n            \n            \n              Michelogiannakis\n              D,\n            \n            \n              Kakali\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Eliades\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Madianos\n              P.\n            \n          \n          Effect of periodontal\u2013orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drifting, and elongation in patients with severe periodontitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 2022;49:102\u2013120."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b05","series-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: 12-year report","volume":"20","author":"Re","year":"2000","unstructured":"Re\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Corrente\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Abundo\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Cardaropoli\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: 12-year report. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2000;20(1)."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b06","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"79","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: a systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Erbe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Erbe\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Heger\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Kasaj\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Berres\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Wehrbein\n              H.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(1):79\u201389."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b07","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"859","article-title":"Pathologic tooth migration","volume":"76","author":"Brunsvold","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brunsvold\n              MA.\n            \n          \n          Pathologic tooth migration. J Periodontol. 2005;76(6):859\u2013866."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b08","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"967","article-title":"Pathologic migration of anterior teeth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis","volume":"68","author":"Towfighi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Towfighi\n              PP,\n            \n            \n              Brunsvold\n              MA,\n            \n            \n              Storey\n              AT,\n            \n            \n              Arnold\n              RM,\n            \n            \n              Willman\n              DE,\n            \n            \n              McMahan\n              CA.\n            \n          \n          Pathologic migration of anterior teeth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1997;68(10):967\u2013972."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b09","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"Maxillomandibular arch width differences at estimated centers of resistance: comparison between normal occlusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion","volume":"47","author":"Koo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koo\n              Y-J,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              S-H,\n            \n            \n              Keum\n              B-T,\n            \n            et al.\n          Maxillomandibular arch width differences at estimated centers of resistance: comparison between normal occlusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion. Korean J Orthod. 2017;47(3):167\u2013175."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"692","article-title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of dentofacial transverse widths of adults with various vertical facial patterns","volume":"153","author":"Hwang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hwang\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Jeong\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              YJ,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              CJ,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              HS,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              K-H.\n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional evaluation of dentofacial transverse widths of adults with various vertical facial patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018;153(5):692\u2013700."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"598","article-title":"Buccolingual inclination of first molars in untreated adults: a CBCT study","volume":"87","author":"Alkhatib","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alkhatib\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              C-H.\n            \n          \n          Buccolingual inclination of first molars in untreated adults: a CBCT study. Angle Orthod. 2017;87(4):598\u2013602."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b12","series-title":"Periodontol 2000","first-page":"140","article-title":"Effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal tissues","volume":"74","author":"Antoun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Antoun\n              JS,\n            \n            \n              Mei\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Gibbs\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Farella\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal tissues. Periodontol 2000. 2017;74(1):140\u2013157."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b13","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"314","article-title":"Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys","volume":"52","author":"Steiner","year":"1981","unstructured":"Steiner\n              GG,\n            \n            \n              Pearson\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Ainamo\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys. J Periodontol. 1981;52(6):314\u2013320."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b14","series-title":"J Clin Periodontol","first-page":"121","article-title":"Some periodontal tissue reactions to orthodontic tooth movement in monkeys","volume":"14","author":"Wennstr\u00f6m","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wennstr\u00f6m\n              JL,\n            \n            \n              Lindhe\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Sinclair\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Thilander\n              B.\n            \n          \n          Some periodontal tissue reactions to orthodontic tooth movement in monkeys. 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Paper presented at","author":"Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee\n              K-J,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              S-H,\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              T-H,\n            \n            \n              Shi\n              K-K,\n            \n            \n              Keum\n              B-T.\n            \n          \n          Maxillary transverse expansion in adults: Rationale, appliance design, and treatment outcomes. Paper presented at: Seminars in Orthodontics;2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-94-6-678-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"42","article-title":"Palatal suture closure in man from 15 to 35 years of age","volume":"72","author":"Persson","year":"1977","unstructured":"Persson\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Thilander\n              B.\n            \n          \n          Palatal suture closure in man from 15 to 35 years of age. 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