{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T22:23:19Z","timestamp":1778538199004,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":605,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.2337\/cd19-0004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T20:29:10Z","timestamp":1575577750000},"page":"101-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Incidental Findings of Sickle Cell Trait From an Everyday Diabetes Test: Should General Health Care Providers and Testing Centers Report, Retest, or Refer?"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Cronin de Chavez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl M.","family":"Atkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Babbington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Berghs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon M.","family":"Dyson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald C.","family":"Whitelaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031221522600700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.024","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040","volume":"128","author":"Ogurtsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02106.x","article-title":"HbA(1c) as a screening tool for detection of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Bennett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680900300307","article-title":"A review of variant hemoglobins interfering with hemoglobin A1c measurement","volume":"3","author":"Little","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-3930.62598","article-title":"Hemoglobin variants detected by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) analysis and the effects on HbA1c measurements","volume":"30","author":"Nasir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61229-X","article-title":"Global epidemiology of sickle haemoglobin in neonates: a contemporary geostatistical model-based map and population estimates","volume":"381","author":"Piel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30193-9","article-title":"Sickle cell disease","volume":"390","author":"Ware","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2017.1395279","article-title":"The spectrum of sickle hemoglobin-related nephropathy: from sickle cell disease to sickle trait","volume":"10","author":"Naik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1179\/1607845415Y.0000000024","article-title":"Splenic infarction associated with sickle cell trait at low altitude","volume":"20","author":"Seegars","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1289","article-title":"Increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes\u2013related complications in combined type 2 diabetes and sickle cell trait","volume":"41","author":"Skinner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4103\/2078-7685.198147","article-title":"Comparison between two methods of glycosylated hemoglobin estimation among patients with sickle cell trait and diabetes","volume":"4","author":"Mansour","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Diabetology"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B12","unstructured":"National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program . HbA1c assay interferences. Available from www.ngsp.org\/interf.asp. Accessed 18 January 2019"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B13","unstructured":"National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program . Factors that interfere with HbA1c test results. Available from http:\/\/www.ngsp.org\/factors.asp. Accessed 10 June 2019"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30033-0","article-title":"Sickle-cell trait and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Skinner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B15","unstructured":"Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust . Point-of-care HbA1c tests: diagnosis of diabetes. Available from www.community.healthcare.mic.nihr.ac.uk\/reports-and-resources\/horizon-scanning-reports\/point-of-care-hba1c-tests-diagnosis-of-diabetes. Accessed 28 May 2018"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B16","unstructured":"National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program . List of NGSP-certified methods (updated 6\/19, listed by date certified). Available from www.ngsp.org\/docs\/methods.pdf. Accessed 24 May 2019"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B17","unstructured":"TS3 Foundation . TS3 Foundation homepage. Available from www.ts3foundation.com. Accessed 30 July 2019"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B18","unstructured":"As One Foundation. Devaughn Darling . Available from www.asonefoundation.org\/about-us\/devaughn-darling. Accessed 30 July 2019"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B19","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Use of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Available from www.who.int\/diabetes\/publications\/report-hba1c_2011.pdf?ua=1. Accessed 22 November 2017"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B20","volume-title":"Sickle Cell Disease","author":"Serjeant","year":"2001","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.11474","article-title":"Sickle cell disease as a paradigm of immigration hematology: new challenges for hematologists in Europe","volume":"92","author":"Roberts","year":"2007","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2018.04.009","article-title":"Universal newborn screening: a roadmap for action","volume":"124","author":"Howson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00261-5","article-title":"Screening and counselling for sickle cell disorders and thalassaemia: the experience of parents and health professionals","volume":"47","author":"Atkin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08841209","article-title":"Sickle cell trait and development of microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus","volume":"5","author":"Bleyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24175","article-title":"A global perspective on sickle cell disease","volume":"59","author":"Aygun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B26","author":"United Nations Digital Library"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.036673","article-title":"Global epidemiology of haemoglobin disorders and derived service indicators","volume":"86","author":"Modell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B28","unstructured":"General Medical Council . Consent principles: patients and doctors making decisions together. Available from www.gmc-uk.org\/static\/documents\/content\/Consent_-_English_0617.pdf. Accessed 26 May 2018"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197205252862104","article-title":"Ethical and social issues in screening for genetic disease","volume":"286","author":"Lapp\u00e9","year":"1972","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B30","unstructured":"National Health Service\/Public Health England . Service specification no. 18: NHS sickle cell and thalassaemia screening programme. Available from www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Gateway-ref-07839-180913-Service-specification-No.-18-NHS-Sickle-cell-and-thalassaemia-screening.pdf. Accessed 26 May 2018"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B31","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Human genomics in global health. Available from www.who.int\/genomics\/elsi\/gentesting\/en. Accessed 26 May 2018"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.21035","article-title":"Association of sickle cell trait with hemoglobin A1c in African Americans","volume":"317","author":"Lacy","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B33","unstructured":"Chattoo\u2008S, Atkin\u2008K, Dyson\u2008S, Ahmad\u2008WI, Anionwu\u2008EN. Living with sickle cell or beta thalassaemia trait: implications for identity and social life. Summary of research findings for health and social care professionals. Available from pure.york.ac.uk\/portal\/en\/publications\/living-with-sickle-cell-or-beta-thalassaemia-trait-implications-for-identity-and-social-life(51814af8-fb70-4260-82df-e836d20cd4aa).html. Accessed 25 October 2019"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta13570","article-title":"Communication of carrier status information following universal newborn screening for sickle cell disorders and cystic fibrosis: qualitative study of experience and practice","volume":"13","author":"Kai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e012665","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012665","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism in adults screened for sickle cell trait: a population-based cohort study with nested case-control analysis","volume":"7","author":"Little","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/1363459315595850","article-title":"Resignifying the sickle cell gene: narratives of genetic risk, impairment and repair","volume":"21","author":"Berghs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health (London)"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B37","volume-title":"Risky Business: Genetic Testing and Exclusionary Practices in the Hazardous Workplace","author":"Draper","year":"1991"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B38","volume-title":"Backdoor to Eugenics","author":"Duster","year":"2003","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1057\/sth.2014.17","article-title":"Actor network theory, agency, and racism: the case of sickle cell trait and US athletics","volume":"13","author":"Carter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Theory Health"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B40","volume-title":"Sickle Cell and Deaths in Custody","author":"Dyson","year":"2009"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.5734\/JGM.2016.13.1.26","article-title":"Effectiveness of premarital screening program for thalassemia and sickle cell disorders in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates","volume":"13","author":"Salama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Genetic Medicine"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1177\/1363459316660861","article-title":"Narrative as re-fusion: making sense and value from sickle cell and thalassaemia trait","volume":"20","author":"Dyson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health (London)"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B43","author":"Pesante"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B44","first-page":"909","article-title":"Sickled erythrocytes in urine as a clue to the diagnosis of sickle cell trait","volume":"28","author":"Srivastava","year":"2017","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"2022031221522600700_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1500523","article-title":"A new initiative on precision medicine","volume":"372","author":"Collins","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/clinical\/article-pdf\/38\/1\/101\/501075\/101.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/clinical\/article-pdf\/38\/1\/101\/501075\/101.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,28]],"date-time":"2024-07-28T06:11:41Z","timestamp":1722147101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/clinical\/article\/38\/1\/101\/32209\/Incidental-Findings-of-Sickle-Cell-Trait-From-an"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/cd19-0004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-8929","1945-4953"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-8929","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-4953","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]}}}