{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:50:07Z","timestamp":1791726607383,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004326","name":"Bayer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Not applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not applicable"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>This paper reports the expert opinions and recommendations made by primary care physicians (PCPs) to optimize screening and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with diabetes and presents algorithms to provide a practical and simplified guide for PCPs. Individuals living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be screened early and at regular intervals for CKD using both estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio testing. The risk of CKD assessed using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes heatmap should be reviewed at least annually to optimize treatment to slow progression of CKD. Lifestyle modifications form the foundation of reducing CKD risk in individuals with T2D. A pillared approach to pharmacotherapy (renin\u2013angiotensin system inhibitors, sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist [finerenone], and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists) is recommended in individuals with CKD and T2D.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/cd25-0013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T04:02:07Z","timestamp":1752120127000},"page":"531-544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Primary Care Guide to the Screening and Pharmacologic Management of Chronic Kidney Disease in People Living With Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0796-0496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugene E.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Medical Center 1 , Durham, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Cebrian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Care Center Cartagena Casco 2 , Cartagena, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ngui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia 3 , Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026061813362465500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"395","author":"GBD Chronic Kidney Disease Collaboration","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026061813362465500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31694-5","article-title":"Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016\u201340 for 195 countries and territories","volume":"392","author":"Foreman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026061813362465500_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00820-6","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and the global public health agenda: an international consensus","volume":"20","author":"Francis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2026061813362465500_B4","first-page":"13","volume-title":".","author":"Usman","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026061813362465500_B5","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n          . 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