{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:13:42Z","timestamp":1787876022916,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lipin-\u03b1 and -\u03b2 are the alternatively spliced gene products of the Lpin1 gene, whose product lipin is required for adipocyte differentiation. Lipin deficiency causes lipodystrophy, fatty liver, and insulin resistance in mice, whereas adipose tissue lipin overexpression results in increased adiposity but improved insulin sensitivity. To assess lipin expression and its relation to insulin resistance in humans, we examined lipin-\u03b1 and -\u03b2 mRNA levels in subjects with normal or impaired glucose tolerance. We found higher expression levels of both lipin isoforms in lean, insulin-sensitive subjects. When compared with normal glucose-tolerant subjects, individuals with impaired glucose tolerance were more insulin resistant, demonstrated higher levels of intramyocellular lipids (IMCLs), and expressed \u223c50% lower levels of lipin-\u03b1 and -\u03b2. In addition, there was a strong inverse correlation between adipose tissue lipin expression and muscle IMCLs but no evidence for an increase in muscle lipid oxidation. After treatment of the impaired glucose-tolerant subjects with insulin sensitizers for 10 weeks, pioglitazone (but not metformin) resulted in a 60% increase in the insulin sensitivity index (Si) and a 32% decrease in IMCLs (both P &amp;lt; 0.01), along with an increase in lipin-\u03b2 (but not lipin-\u03b1) expression by 200% (P &amp;lt; 0.005). Lipin expression in skeletal muscle, however, was not related to obesity or insulin resistance. Hence, high adipose tissue lipin expression is found in insulin-sensitive subjects, and lipin-\u03b2 expression increases following treatment with pioglitazone. These results suggest that increased adipogenesis and\/or lipogenesis in subcutaneous fat, mediated by the LPIN1 gene, may prevent lipotoxicity in muscle, leading to improved insulin sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/db05-1688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,26]],"date-time":"2006-09-26T19:57:52Z","timestamp":1159300672000},"page":"2811-2818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Lipin Expression Is Attenuated in Adipose Tissue of Insulin-Resistant Human Subjects and Increases With Peroxisome Proliferator\u2013Activated Receptor \u03b3 Activation"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Aiwei","family":"Yao-Borengasser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Rasouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayalakshmi","family":"Varma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie M.","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bounleut","family":"Phanavanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tasha N.","family":"Starks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Horace J.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Robert E.","family":"McGehee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Reue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031209342615700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL: Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999\u20132000. 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