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Both MCH and MCHR1 are expressed in mouse and human islets and in clonal \u03b2-cell lines as assessed using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Mice lacking MCH (MCH-KO) on either a C57Bl\/6 or 129Sv genetic background showed a significant reduction in \u03b2-cell mass and complemented our earlier observation of increased \u03b2-cell mass in MCH-overexpressing mice. Furthermore, the compensatory islet hyperplasia secondary to a high-fat diet, which was evident in wild-type controls, was attenuated in MCH-KO. Interestingly, MCH enhanced insulin secretion in human and mouse islets and rodent \u03b2-cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Real-time PCR analyses of islet RNA derived from MCH-KO revealed altered expression of islet-enriched genes such as glucagon, forkhead homeobox A2, hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)4\u03b1, and HNF1\u03b1. Together, these data provide novel evidence for an autocrine role for MCH in the regulation of \u03b2-cell mass dynamics and in islet secretory function and suggest that MCH is part of a hypothalamic-islet (pancreatic) axis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,26]],"date-time":"2007-01-26T20:11:02Z","timestamp":1169842262000},"page":"311-319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Melanin Concentrating Hormone Is a Novel Regulator of Islet Function and Growth"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Pavlos","family":"Pissios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umut","family":"Ozcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efi","family":"Kokkotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terumasa","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong Wee","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer N.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Dahlgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Karamchandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogish C.","family":"Kudva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amarnath J.","family":"Kurpad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert T.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleftheria","family":"Maratos-Flier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohit N.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031208553273500_R1","unstructured":"Konturek SJ, Pepera J, Zabielski K, Konturek PC, Pawlik T, Szlachcic A, Hahn EG: Brain-gut axis in pancreatic secretion and appetite control. 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