{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:13:02Z","timestamp":1791313982163,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2966,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Increased sympathetic activity is a well-known pathophysiological mechanism in insulin resistance (IR) and hypertension (HT). The carotid bodies (CB) are peripheral chemoreceptors that classically respond to hypoxia by increasing chemosensory activity in the carotid sinus nerve (CSN), causing hyperventilation and activation of the sympathoadrenal system. Besides its role in the control of ventilation, the CB has been proposed as a glucose sensor implicated in the control of energy homeostasis. However, to date no studies have anticipated its role in the development of IR. Herein, we propose that CB overstimulation is involved in the etiology of IR and HT, core metabolic and hemodynamic disturbances of highly prevalent diseases like the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and obstructive sleep apnoea. We demonstrate that CB activity is increased in IR animal models and that CSN resection prevents CB overactivation and diet-induced IR and HT. Moreover, we show that insulin triggers CB, highlighting a new role for hyperinsulinemia as a stimulus for CB overactivation. We propose that CB is implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic and hemodynamic disturbances through sympathoadrenal overactivation and may represent a novel therapeutic target in these diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-1463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]],"date-time":"2013-03-25T21:38:40Z","timestamp":1364247520000},"page":"2905-2916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":197,"title":["Carotid Body Denervation Prevents the Development of Insulin Resistance and Hypertension Induced by Hypercaloric Diets"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC (Centro de Estudos de Doen\u00e7as Cr\u00f3nicas), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana F.","family":"Sacramento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC (Centro de Estudos de Doen\u00e7as Cr\u00f3nicas), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constancio","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Gen\u00e9tica Molecular, CSIC (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas), Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria P.","family":"Guarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEDOC (Centro de Estudos de Doen\u00e7as Cr\u00f3nicas), 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