{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T12:59:40Z","timestamp":1782824380104,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DTS19\/00171 and PI22\/01670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DTS19\/00171 and PI22\/01670"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:p>Hemopexin (HPX) is overexpressed in the retina of patients with diabetes and induces the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in\u00a0vitro. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether HPX blockade by specific antibodies (aHPX) could avoid vascular leakage in\u00a0vivo and microvascular angiogenesis in\u00a0vitro and ex vivo. For this purpose, the effect of intravitreal (IVT) injections of aHPX on vascular leakage was evaluated in db\/db mice and rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes using the Evans Blue method. Retinal neurodegeneration and inflammation were also evaluated. The antiangiogenic effect of aHPX on human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) was tested by scratch wound healing and tube formation using standardized methods, as well as by choroidal sprouting assays from retinal explants obtained in rats. We found that IVT injection of aHPX significantly reduced vascular leakage, retinal neurodegeneration, and inflammation. In addition, treatment with aHPX significantly reduced HREC migration and tube formation induced by high glucose concentration and suppressed choroidal sprouting even after vascular endothelial growth factor stimulation, with this effect being higher than obtained with bevacizumab. The antipermeability and antiangiogenic effects of IVT injection of aHPX suggest the blockade or inhibition of HPX as a new strategy for the treatment of advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Article Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hemopexin (HPX) is the best-characterized permeability factor in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. We have previously reported that HPX is overexpressed in the retina of patients with diabetes and induces the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in\u00a0vitro. Here, we report that intravitreal injection of anti-HPX antibodies significantly reduces vascular leakage, retinal neurodegeneration, and inflammation in diabetic murine models and that the immunoneutralization of HPX exerts a significant antiangiogenic effect in\u00a0vitro and in retinal explants. The blockade of HPX can be considered as a new therapy for advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/db23-0027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T21:41:31Z","timestamp":1695073291000},"page":"1841-1852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Blocking Hemopexin With Specific Antibodies: A New Strategy for Treating Diabetic Retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Bogdanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"2Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Duarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Ophthalmology Research Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sabater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Salas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Ophthalmology Research Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Isla-Magran\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Ophthalmology Research Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"2Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Huerta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"2Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Valeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Unit of High Technology, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Garc\u00eda-Arum\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Ophthalmology Research Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0475-3096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Sim\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"2Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 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