{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:10:08Z","timestamp":1790835008470,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG065993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG065993"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG074535"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG074535"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA278826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA278826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA286584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA286584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK107397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK107397"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK110858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK110858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK127979"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK127979"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM144613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM144613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Society for Promotion of Science","award":["24KJ2039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24KJ2039"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity is a major contributor to cardiometabolic disease, and pharmacological therapies, such as semaglutide, are increasingly used to induce weight loss. However, the commonly used diet-induced obesity model in C57BL\/6J mice is limited by relative resistance to weight gain in females, complicating the study of sex-specific effects. Here, we used leptin-deficient ob\/ob mice, which develop severe early-onset obesity in both sexes, to investigate sex-specific responses to semaglutide on skeletal muscle mass, function, and mitochondrial metabolism. The ob\/ob mice were treated daily with semaglutide or vehicle for 3 weeks, followed by assessments of body composition, muscle and organ mass, muscle contractile function, and mitochondrial efficiency. Semaglutide induced comparable reductions in body weight and food intake in both sexes but elicited distinct sex-specific changes in body composition. Consistent with previous reports, male mice exhibited relatively minor loss in skeletal muscle masses, with loss of lean mass likely coming from other lean tissues. On the other hand, female mice were completely resistant to the loss of muscle mass with semaglutide treatment. Skeletal muscle force\u2013generating capacity remained intact in both sexes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that mice only undergo a relatively small loss in muscle masses during pharmacologically induced weight loss, highlighting the importance of considering biological sex when evaluating the metabolic and therapeutic effects of antiobesity interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Article Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Female C57BL\/6J mice are relatively resistant to weight gain, which complicates the study of sex-specific metabolic responses. So, we used ob\/ob mice to examine semaglutide-induced weight loss in both sexes. We wanted to determine whether semaglutide-induced weight loss produces sex-specific effects on skeletal muscle mass and function in ob\/ob mice. Semaglutide had minimal effects on skeletal muscle mass and strength in ob\/ob mice. In particular, females were completely resistant to loss of muscle mass. These findings reveal that semaglutide exerts sex-specific effects, highlighting a need for further research into the molecular mechanisms driving these distinct protective outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/db26-0229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T16:24:37Z","timestamp":1783009477000},"page":"1584-1595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Females Are Completely Resistant to Semaglutide-Induced Muscle Loss in\n                    <i>ob<\/i>\n                    \/\n                    <i>ob<\/i>\n                    Mice"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Subhasmita","family":"Rout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah 1 , Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Karasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah 1 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah 2 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Research Institute for Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University 3 , Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah 1 , Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amandine","family":"Chaix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah 1 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah 2 , Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micah J.","family":"Drummond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah 1 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah 2 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah 4 , Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3802-4756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Funai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah 1 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah 2 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah 4 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah 5 , Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9002-2657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran Hee","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah 1 , Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah 2 , Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091112164122500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614362","article-title":"Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years","volume":"377","author":"GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-014-0243-x","article-title":"The epidemiology of obesity: a big picture","volume":"33","author":"Hruby","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-017-0262-y","article-title":"Weight loss and improvement in comorbidity: differences at 5%, 10%, 15%, and over","volume":"6","author":"Ryan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B4","first-page":"2563","article-title":"Metabolic adaptation following massive weight loss is related to the degree of energy imbalance and changes in circulating leptin","volume":"22","author":"Knuth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.050310","article-title":"Weight loss, weight maintenance, and adaptive thermogenesis","volume":"97","author":"Camps","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032183","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"384","author":"Wilding","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.3224","article-title":"Effect of continued weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo on weight loss maintenance in adults with overweight or obesity: the STEP 4 Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"325","author":"Rubino","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S102","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee","article-title":"2013 AHA\/ACC\/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society","volume":"129","author":"Jensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2023.0277","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1: new regulator in lipid metabolism","volume":"48","author":"Bu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2019.09.010","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)","volume":"30","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4473","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI75276","article-title":"The arcuate nucleus mediates GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide-dependent weight loss","volume":"124","author":"Secher","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2020.tb00136.x","article-title":"Role of skeletal muscle in insulin resistance and glucose uptake","volume":"10","author":"Merz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.162","article-title":"Exercise-stimulated glucose uptake\u2014regulation and implications for glycaemic control","volume":"13","author":"Sylow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.07.004","article-title":"Unexpected effects of semaglutide on skeletal muscle mass and force-generating capacity in mice","volume":"37","author":"Karasawa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"load014","DOI":"10.1093\/lifemeta\/load014","article-title":"Weight loss increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial energy efficiency in obese mice","volume":"2","author":"Ferrara","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life Metab"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1502","article-title":"Two weeks of reduced activity decreases leg lean mass and induces \u201canabolic resistance\u201d of myofibrillar protein synthesis in healthy elderly","volume":"98","author":"Breen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24274","article-title":"Semaglutide-induced weight loss improves mitochondrial energy efficiency in skeletal muscle","volume":"33","author":"Choi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2026.102665","article-title":"Weight loss with GLP-1 medicines does not result in a disproportionate loss of muscle mass or function in obese mice and humans","volume":"7","author":"Langer","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-015-0033-y","article-title":"Sex differences in metabolic homeostasis, diabetes, and obesity","volume":"6","author":"Mauvais-Jarvis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00195","article-title":"Gender differences in skeletal muscle substrate metabolism\u2014molecular mechanisms and insulin sensitivity","volume":"5","author":"Lundsgaard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4438","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15204438","article-title":"Sex differences in the skeletal muscle response to a high fat, high sucrose diet in rats","volume":"15","author":"Hulett","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2020.107795","article-title":"Phenotypic sexual dimorphism in response to dietary fat manipulation in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"35","author":"Casimiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-022-01174-4","article-title":"Sex-specific changes in metabolism during the transition from chow to high-fat diet feeding are abolished in response to dieting in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"46","author":"Oraha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Cellpose-SAM: superhuman generalization for cellular segmentation","author":"Pachitariu","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.04.28.651001"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C239","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00124.2016","article-title":"Direct real-time quantification of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation efficiency in permeabilized skeletal muscle myofibers","volume":"311","author":"Lark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12932","article-title":"Effects of once-weekly semaglutide on appetite, energy intake, control of eating, food preference and body weight in subjects with obesity","volume":"19","author":"Blundell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2024.2343092","article-title":"A systematic review of the effect of semaglutide on lean mass: insights from clinical trials","volume":"25","author":"Bikou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2024.101880","article-title":"Antibody blockade of activin type II receptors preserves skeletal muscle mass and enhances fat loss during GLP-1 receptor agonism","volume":"80","author":"Nunn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562896","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1562896","article-title":"Effects of semaglutide on metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese mice","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-022-00914-3","article-title":"Activation of arcuate nucleus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-expressing neurons suppresses food intake","volume":"12","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Biosci"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e133429","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.133429","article-title":"Semaglutide lowers body weight in rodents via distributed neural pathways","volume":"5","author":"Gabery","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2024.102078","article-title":"Regulation of energy balance by leptin as an adiposity signal and modulator of the reward system","volume":"91","author":"Asgari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.121268","article-title":"Hypothalamic anorexigenic signaling pathways (leptin, amylin, and proopiomelanocortin) are semaglutide (GLP-1 analog) targets in obesity control in mice","volume":"313","author":"Martins","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-019-0225-y","article-title":"Sex-specific lipid molecular signatures in obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions revealed by lipidomic characterization in ob\/ob mouse","volume":"10","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Granillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-012-1095-1","article-title":"Leptin signaling and circuits in puberty and fertility","volume":"70","author":"Elias","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-2271fje","article-title":"Leptin induces ovulation in GnRH-deficient mice","volume":"19","author":"Barkan","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2019.03.008","article-title":"Acute estradiol treatment reduces skeletal muscle protein breakdown markers in early- but not late-postmenopausal women","volume":"146","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-016-0059-9","article-title":"Sex and estrogens alter the action of glucagon-like peptide-1 on reward","volume":"7","author":"Richard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bqae165","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqae165","article-title":"GLP-1 and its analogs: does sex matter?","volume":"166","author":"B\u00f6rchers","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2010","article-title":"Fiber types in mammalian skeletal muscles","volume":"91","author":"Schiaffino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0316","article-title":"Skeletal muscle design to meet functional demands","volume":"366","author":"Lieber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6793-5-4","article-title":"Comparative analysis of mouse skeletal muscle fibre type composition and contractile responses to calcium channel blocker","volume":"5","author":"M\u00e4ntt\u00e4ri","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Physiol"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0029(20000915)50:6<500::AID-JEMT7>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Myosin isoforms, muscle fiber types, and transitions","volume":"50","author":"Pette","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microsc Res Tech"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/415339a","article-title":"Leptin stimulates fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase","volume":"415","author":"Minokoshi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3275","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00561","article-title":"Mouse embryonic fibroblasts protect ob\/ob mice from obesity and metabolic complications","volume":"159","author":"Ferguson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026091112164122500_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6445","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126445","article-title":"Impaired leptin signalling in obesity: is leptin a new thermolipokine?","volume":"22","author":"Genchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/75\/9\/1584\/887869\/db260229.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/75\/9\/1584\/887869\/db260229.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:16:52Z","timestamp":1789143412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article\/75\/9\/1584\/172131\/Females-Are-Completely-Resistant-to-Semaglutide"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db26-0229","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-1797","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-327X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]}}}