{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:52:16Z","timestamp":1792788736979,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KAKENHI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007434","name":"Suzuken Memorial Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/004rtk039","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Japan Association for Diabetes Education and Care","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05snmp989","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Consumption of fat before carbohydrate (preload) attenuates postprandial glucose excursions, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated whether an olive oil preload (OG) reduces glycemia by engaging endocrine and neural regulation of gastric emptying. Wild-type C57BL\/6J mice received OG or olive oil after (GO) an oral glucose load, with a water preload (WG) as control. Glucose, insulin, glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and gastric emptying were assessed. Studies were also performed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, NSY diabetic mice, Gcg-deficient and Glp1r-deficient mice, mice receiving glucagon and\/or GLP-1 receptor blockade, and mice subjected to bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve ligation (VNL). Compared with WG and GO, OG reduced the early glucose excursion and slowed gastric emptying, accompanied by increased glucagon, GIP, and GLP-1 secretion. Similar effects were evident in diabetic mice. The response was absent in Gcg-deficient mice but largely preserved in Glp1r-deficient mice and following blockade of either receptor alone. Combined receptor blockade attenuated glucose lowering and eliminated detectable gastric slowing, supporting partially redundant signaling. VNL attenuated these effects, despite preserved or enhanced hormone secretion, supporting a contribution of vagal signaling. These findings identify nutrient timing as an integrated endocrine-neural regulator of postchallenge blood glucose homeostasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Article Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We undertook this study to define how fat consumed before oral glucose attenuates postchallenge glycemia. We asked whether olive oil reduces glycemia by slowing gastric emptying and investigated contributing endocrine and neural pathways. Olive oil increased glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and glucagon-like peptide-1; slowed gastric emptying; and reduced early glycemia in mice. Glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1\u00a0signaling acted redundantly, with vagal involvement. Nutrient timing integrates endocrine-neural regulation of gastric emptying and glycemia, supporting evaluation of meal sequencing in humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/db26-0531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:32:50Z","timestamp":1791477170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Olive Oil Before Oral Glucose Delays Gastric Emptying and Lowers Glycemia Through Partially Redundant Glucagon and GLP-1 Signaling in Mice"],"prefix":"10.2337","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0263-3596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1542-3900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiromi","family":"Tsuchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6072-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sodai","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4747-6415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saki","family":"Kubota-Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3236-2463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takehiro","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7268-6871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukio","family":"Horikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"4Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Central Japan International Medical Center, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9890-5777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin","family":"Tsunekawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"5Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5498-3282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Kuwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"6Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4151-457X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuuka","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5876-8695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuji","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"6Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1623-0815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuichiro","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"6Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0404-605X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Department of Advanced Medical Research Promotion, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9837-6238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsumi","family":"Iizuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"8Department of Clinical Nutrition, Fujita Health University\u00a0School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7424-4476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoya","family":"Murao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"9Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan"},{"name":"10Institute for Diabetes and Organoid Technology, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"11Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5343-2049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinji","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1037-3743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Seino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0807-199X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsushi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7557-4303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"12Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Nagoya 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Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan"},{"name":"17Center for Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0802-8414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yohei","family":"Seno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"18Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2932-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuya","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"18Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 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Health, College of Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1099-7989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yutaka","family":"Seino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"6Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5334-7687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Yabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"3Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"5Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"18Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"container-title":["Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.2337\/db26-0531\/897292\/db260531.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.2337\/db26-0531\/897292\/db260531.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:54:36Z","timestamp":1791518076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article\/doi\/10.2337\/db26-0531\/172660\/Olive-Oil-Before-Oral-Glucose-Delays-Gastric"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db26-0531","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-1797","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-327X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"article-number":"db260531"}}