{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T01:27:09Z","timestamp":1772242029876,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014We aimed to determine the impact of medical therapy for symptom management on insulin resistance, metabolic profiles, and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an insulin-resistant pre-diabetes condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014One hundred overweight women (BMI &amp;gt;27 kg\/m2), average age 31 years, who were nonsmokers, were not pregnant, did not have diabetes, and were off relevant medications for 3 months completed this 6-month open-label controlled trial. Randomization was to a control group (higher-dose oral contraceptive [OCP] 35 \u03bcg ethinyl estradiol [EE]\/2 mg cyproterone acetate, metformin [1 g b.d.] or low-dose OCP [20 \u03bcg EE\/100 \u03bcg levonorgestrel + aldactone 50 mg b.d.]). Primary outcome measures were insulin resistance (area under curve on oral glucose tolerance test) and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease including arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) and endothelial function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014All treatments similarly and significantly improved symptoms including hirsutism and menstrual cycle length. Insulin resistance was improved by metformin and worsened by the high-dose OCP. Arterial stiffness worsened in the higher-dose OCP group (PWV 7.46 vs. 8.03 m\/s, P &amp;lt; 0.05), related primarily to the increased insulin resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014In overweight women with PCOS, metformin and low- and high-dose OCP preparations have similar efficacy but differential effects on insulin resistance and arterial function. These findings suggest that a low-dose OCP preparation may be preferable if contraception is needed and that metformin should be considered for symptomatic management, particularly in women with additional metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,27]],"date-time":"2007-02-27T11:22:48Z","timestamp":1172575368000},"page":"471-478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Effects of Medical Therapy on Insulin Resistance and the Cardiovascular System in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vascular Health, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry P.","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vascular Health, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena Jane","family":"Teede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vascular Health, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Jean Hailes Foundation for Women\u2019s Health, Monash Institute for Health Services Research, Southern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031218042747200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teede H, Zoungas S, Hutchison S, Meyer C: Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease risk in women with PCOS. 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