{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:51:23Z","timestamp":1790621483393,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014 To assess the efficacy and safety of pramlintide in patients with type 2 diabetes suboptimally controlled with basal insulin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014 In a 16-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 212 patients using insulin glargine with or without oral antidiabetes agents (OAs) were randomized to addition of pramlintide (60 or 120 \u03bcg b.i.d.\/t.i.d.) or placebo. Insulin glargine was adjusted to target a fasting plasma glucose concentration of 70\u2013100 mg\/dl. One coprimary end point was the change in A1C at week 16. The other coprimary end point was a composite measure of overall diabetes control comprising A1C \u22647.0% or reduction \u22650.5%, mean daily postprandial glucose (PPG) increments \u226440 mg\/dl, no increase in body weight, and no severe hypoglycemia. Patients meeting all four conditions at week 16 achieved this end point.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014More pramlintide- than placebo-treated patients achieved the composite end point (25 vs. 7%; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Reductions (means \u00b1 SE) in A1C (\u22120.70 \u00b1 0.11% vs. \u22120.36 \u00b1 0.08%; P &amp;lt; 0.05) and PPG increments (\u221224.4 \u00b1 3.6 mg\/dl vs. \u22120.4 \u00b1 3.0 mg\/dl; P &amp;lt; 0.0001) were greater in pramlintide- versus placebo-treated patients, respectively. Glycemic improvements were accompanied by progressive weight loss with pramlintide and weight gain with placebo (\u22121.6 \u00b1 0.3 kg vs. +0.7 \u00b1 0.3 kg; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). No treatment-related severe hypoglycemia occurred.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014 Pramlintide improved multiple glycemic parameters and reduced weight with no increase in hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes who were not achieving glycemic targets with basal insulin with or without OAs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,26]],"date-time":"2007-10-26T12:15:43Z","timestamp":1193400943000},"page":"2794-2799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Pramlintide Improved Glycemic Control and Reduced Weight in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using Basal Insulin"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Riddle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Frias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Lutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orville","family":"Kolterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031202505988900_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group: U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study 16. 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