{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:21:46Z","timestamp":1768969306916,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014We evaluated the association of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in type 1 diabetic patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014We prospectively followed 199 type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy and 192 patients with persistent normoalbuminuria. Biomarkers were measured at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014We constructed two Z scores: the mean inflammatory Z score combined C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1), and secreted phospholipase A2 and the mean Z score for endothelial dysfunction combined soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and sICAM-1. The mean Z score of inflammatory biomarkers was associated with mortality and the combined end point in patients with diabetic nephropathy after multivariate adjustment (hazard ratio 1.7 [95% CI 1.1\u20132.6]; P = 0.025 and 1.5 [1.1\u20132.2]; P = 0.017). The mean Z score for endothelial dysfunction biomarkers was associated with mortality in a model adjusting for age and sex in patients with diabetic nephropathy (1.6 [1.0\u20132.3]; P = 0.031). The mean Z score for endothelial dysfunction correlated with decline in GFR (r = \u22120.243; P = 0.001); the correlation persisted after multivariate adjustment (coefficient \u22121.38 [95% CI \u22122.27 to \u22120.50]; P = 0.002).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014Mean Z scores of inflammatory biomarkers are significantly associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with nephropathy after multivariate adjustment. These data suggest that the high risk of cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes may be explained in part by inflammatory activity. Mean Z score of endothelial dysfunction correlated after multivariate adjustment with the rate of decline in GFR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,28]],"date-time":"2008-05-28T21:27:15Z","timestamp":1212010035000},"page":"1170-1176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Type 1 Diabetic Patients With or Without Diabetic Nephropathy Followed for 10 Years"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Anne Sofie","family":"Astrup","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Tarnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lotte","family":"Pietraszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Casper G.","family":"Schalkwijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Coen D.A.","family":"Stehouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Hospital Maastricht, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-Henrik","family":"Parving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Medical Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rossing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031216202339200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borch-Johnsen K, Andersen PK, Deckert T: The effect of proteinuria on relative mortality in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. 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