{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T08:25:31Z","timestamp":1792571131979,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014In a prospective birth cohort study, we followed infants who had a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes to investigate the relationship between early growth and infant feeding and the risk of islet autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014Infants with a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes were identified during their mother's pregnancy. Dietary intake was recorded prospectively to determine duration of breast-feeding and age at introduction of cow's milk protein, cereals, meat, fruit, and vegetables. At 6-month reviews, length (or height) and weight, antibodies to insulin, GAD65, the tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma antigen, and tissue transglutaminase were measured. Islet autoimmunity was defined as persistent elevation of one or more islet antibodies at consecutive 6-month intervals, including the most recent measure, and was the primary outcome measure.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014Follow-up of 548 subjects for 5.7 \u00b1 3.2 years identified 46 children with islet autoimmunity. Weight z score and BMI z score were continuous predictors of risk of islet autoimmunity (adjusted hazard ratios 1.43 [95% CI 1.10\u20131.84], P = 0.007, and 1.29 [1.01\u20131.67], P = 0.04, respectively). The risk of islet autoimmunity was greater in subjects with weight z score &amp;gt;0 than in those with weight z score \u22640 over time (2.61 [1.26\u20135.44], P = 0.01). Weight z score and BMI z score at 2 years and change in weight z score between birth and 2 years, but not dietary intake, also predicted risk of islet autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014Weight gain in early life predicts risk of islet autoimmunity in children with a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,4]],"date-time":"2008-10-04T00:55:09Z","timestamp":1223081709000},"page":"94-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Weight Gain in Early Life Predicts Risk of Islet Autoimmunity in Children With a First-Degree Relative With Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jennifer J.","family":"Couper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Women's and Children's Hospital and Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Beresford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Women's and Children's Hospital and Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Hirte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Baghurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angie","family":"Pollard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian D.","family":"Tait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard C.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autoimmunity and Transplantation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Colman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology and Department of Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031220222592800_R1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation: Incidence [article online], 2005. 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