{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:12:34Z","timestamp":1791486754639,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4510,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although cumulative evidence suggests that increased oxidative stress may lead to insulin resistance in vivo or in vitro, community-based studies are scarce. This study examined the longitudinal relationships of oxidative stress biomarkers with the development of insulin resistance and whether these relationships were independent of obesity in nondiabetic young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biomarkers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostanes [F2Isop] and oxidized LDL [oxLDL]), insulin resistance (the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), and various fatness measures (BMI, waist circumference, and estimated percent fat) were obtained in a population-based observational study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) and its ancillary study (Young Adult Longitudinal Trends in Antioxidants) during 2000\u20132006.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were substantial increases in estimated mean HOMA-IR over time. OxLDL and F2Isop showed little association with each other. Mean evolving HOMA-IR increased with increasing levels of oxidative stress markers (P &amp;lt; 0.001 for oxLDL and P = 0.06 for F2Isop), measured in 2000\u20132001. After additional adjustment for adiposity, a positive association between oxLDL and HOMA-IR was strongly evident, whereas the association between F2Isop and HOMA-IR was not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We observed positive associations between each of two oxidative stress markers and insulin resistance. The association with oxidized LDL was independent of obesity, but that with F2Isop was not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,23]],"date-time":"2009-04-23T20:44:30Z","timestamp":1240519470000},"page":"1302-1307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Oxidative Stress and Insulin Resistance"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Kyong","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myron","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duk-Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Holvoet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atherosclerosis and Metabolism Unit, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Himes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Shikany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"David R.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031218231113200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-002-1009-0","article-title":"The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes","volume":"46","author":"Kahn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92814-V","article-title":"Role of glucose and insulin resistance in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: results of a 25-year follow-up study","volume":"340","author":"Martin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.1.1","article-title":"Are oxidative stress-activated signaling pathways mediators of insulin resistance and \u03b2-cell dysfunction?","volume":"52","author":"Evans","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2007.1629","article-title":"Oxidative stress, glucose metabolism, and the prevention of type 2 diabetes: pathophysiological insights","volume":"9","author":"Shah","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.16.2008","article-title":"Platelet activation in obese women: role of inflammation and oxidant stress","volume":"288","author":"Dav\u00ec","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.12.018","article-title":"Developmental origins of diabetes: the role of oxidative stress","volume":"40","author":"Simmons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00336-3","article-title":"The importance of the beta-cell in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"108","author":"Kahn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.201","article-title":"Urinary F2-isoprostanes are not associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Il'yasova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0817","article-title":"Association of oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and diabetes risk phenotypes: the Framingham Offspring Study","volume":"30","author":"Meigs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.037630","article-title":"Plasma F2-isoprostanes and coronary artery calcification: the CARDIA Study","volume":"51","author":"Gross","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.064337","article-title":"Analytical performance and diagnostic accuracy of immunometric assays for the measurement of circulating oxidized LDL","volume":"52","author":"Holvoet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.19.2287","article-title":"Association between circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein and incidence of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"299","author":"Holvoet","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.08.002","article-title":"The relationship between oxidized LDL and other cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical CVD in different ethnic groups: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"194","author":"Holvoet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B14","volume-title":"Predictive Equations of Body Fatness Based on DEXA Measurements","author":"Yu","year":"2003"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19740060","article-title":"Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years","volume":"32","author":"Durnin","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1191\/0960327102ht210oa","article-title":"Oxidants and antioxidative defense","volume":"21","author":"Grune","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0554","article-title":"Relationship between urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane and 8-oxodeoxyguanosine levels and breast cancer risk","volume":"15","author":"Rossner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803177","article-title":"Biomarkers and potential mechanisms of obesity-induced oxidant stress in humans","volume":"30","author":"Vincent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(02)02053-9","article-title":"Isoprostanes as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation in humans: physiology, pharmacology and clinical implications","volume":"23","author":"Cracowski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.06.004","article-title":"Measures of oxidative stress","volume":"26","author":"Tsimikas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Lab Med"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705776","article-title":"Measuring reactive species and oxidative damage in vivo and in cell culture: how should you do it and what do the results mean?","volume":"142","author":"Halliwell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj136","article-title":"Associations of serum carotenoid concentrations with the development of diabetes and with insulin concentration: interaction with smoking: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study","volume":"163","author":"Hozawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.074930","article-title":"Relationships of circulating carotenoid concentrations with several markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA)\/Young Adult Longitudinal Trends in Antioxidants (YALTA) study","volume":"53","author":"Hozawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2022031218231113200_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.2.458","article-title":"Lipid standardization of serum fat-soluble antioxidant concentrations: the YALTA study","volume":"77","author":"Gross","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/32\/7\/1302\/605822\/zdc00709001302.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/32\/7\/1302\/605822\/zdc00709001302.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T14:23:57Z","timestamp":1647095037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/32\/7\/1302\/27138\/Oxidative-Stress-and-Insulin-ResistanceThe"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,23]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc09-0259","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,23]]}}}