{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T22:31:31Z","timestamp":1784068291591,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4467,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We studied tubular and glomerular damage in type 1 diabetic patients by measuring urinary\u2013liver fatty acid binding protein (U-LFABP) and albuminuria. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of ACE inhibition on U-LFABP in patients with diabetic nephropathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We studied Caucasians with type 1 diabetes: 58 with normoalbuminuria (urinary albumin &amp;lt;30 mg\/24 h), 45 with persistent microalbuminuria (30\u2013300 mg\/24 h), and 45 with persistent macroalbuminuria (\u2265300 mg\/24 h). A control group consisted of 57 healthy individuals. The groups were matched by sex and duration of diabetes. In addition, U-LFABP was measured in 48 type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy in a randomized crossover trial consisting of 2 months of treatment with 20, 40, and 60 mg lisinopril once daily in random order.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the cross-sectional study, levels of U-LFABP were significantly higher in normoalbuminuric patients versus those in the control group (median 2.6 [interquartile range 1.3\u20134.1] vs. 19 [0.8\u20133.0] \u03bcg\/g creatinine, P = 0.02) and increased with increasing levels of albuminuria (microalbuminuric group 4.2 [1.8\u20138.3] \u03bcg\/g creatinine and nephropathy group 71.2 [8.1\u2013123.4], P &amp;lt; 0.05 for all comparisons). U-LFABP correlates with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (R2 = 0.54, P &amp;lt; 0.001). In the intervention study, all doses of lisinopril significantly reduced urinary albumin excretion rate and U-LFABP from baseline. The reductions in U-LFABP were 43, 46, and 40% with increasing doses of lisinopril (NS).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An early and progressive increase in tubulointerstitial damage as reflected by increased U-LFABP levels occurs in type 1 diabetic patients and is associated with albuminuria. Furthermore, ACE inhibition reduces the tubular and glomerular damage and dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,6]],"date-time":"2009-06-06T01:49:09Z","timestamp":1244252949000},"page":"1684-1688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Tubular and Glomerular Injury in Diabetes and the Impact of ACE Inhibition"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Stine E.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Sugaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Organ Regeneration, Riken Kobe Institute, Hyogo, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Tarnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Lajer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrine J.","family":"Schjoedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Sofie","family":"Astrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuneharu","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Prefecture University, Fukushima, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Henrik","family":"Parving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, and Department of Medical Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rossing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031220034798800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.4.1258","article-title":"Decreasing incidence of severe diabetic microangiopathy in type 1 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Hovind","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031220034798800_B2","first-page":"1265","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy","volume-title":"Brenner & Rector's The Kidney","author":"Parving","year":"2008","edition":"8th ed."},{"key":"2022031220034798800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38070.450891.FE","article-title":"Predictors for the development of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes: inception cohort study","volume":"328","author":"Hovind","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2022031220034798800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00721.x","article-title":"The tubulointerstitium in progressive diabetic kidney disease: more than an aftermath of glomerular injury?","volume":"56","author":"Gilbert","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2022031220034798800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2880285","article-title":"Molecular identification of the liver- and the heart-type fatty acid-binding proteins in human and rat kidney. 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