{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:22:02Z","timestamp":1789608122621,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4202,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (u-LFABP) is a marker of tubulointerstitial inflammation and has been shown to be increased in patients with type 1 diabetes and is further increased in patients who progress to micro- and macroalbuminuria. Our aim was to evaluate u-LFABP as a predictor of progression to micro- and macroalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From an inception cohort of 277 patients, u-LFABP, adjusted for urinary creatinine (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), was measured in 24-h urine samples from 165 normoalbuminuric patients 9.6 \u00b1 3.5 (mean \u00b1SD) years after onset of type 1 diabetes. The outcome measured was development of persistent micro- or macroalbuminuria or death.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients were followed for a median of 18 (range 1\u201319) years; 39 progressed to microalbuminuria, 8 of those progressed further to macroalbuminuria, and 24 died. In a Cox regression model, baseline log u-LFABP levels predicted the development of microalbuminuria, adjusted for known risk factors (sex, age, A1C, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, albumin excretion rate, serum creatinine, and smoking) (hazard ratio [HR] 2.3 [95% CI 1.1\u20134.6]) and log u-LFABP predicted mortality (adjusted HR 3.0 [1.3\u20137.0]). u-LFABP (above versus below the median) predicted the development of macroalbuminuria (adjusted HR 2.6 [1.2\u20135.4]). As a continuous variable, u-LFABP tended to predict macroalbuminuria (HR 1.9, P = 0.2), but numbers were small.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High levels of the tubular inflammation marker u-LFABP predict the initiation and progression to diabetic nephropathy and all-cause mortality, independent of urinary albumin excretion rate and other established risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-2242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,26]],"date-time":"2010-02-26T03:18:50Z","timestamp":1267154330000},"page":"1320-1324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Urinary Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Predicts Progression to Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetic Patients"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Stine Elkjaer","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Sugaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Organ Regeneration, Riken Kobe Institute, Hyogo, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hovind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark;"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Glostrup Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuneharu","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Prefecture University, Fukushima, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Henrik","family":"Parving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rossing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031219103000100_B1","first-page":"1265","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy","volume-title":"Brenner & Rector's The Kidney","author":"Parving","year":"2008","edition":"8th ed"},{"key":"2022031219103000100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0107","article-title":"Relationship between risk factors and mortality in type 1 diabetic patients in Europe: the, EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study (PCS)","volume":"31","author":"Soedamah-Muthu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031219103000100_B3","first-page":"1731","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy","volume-title":"The Kidney","author":"Parving","year":"2000","edition":"6th ed"},{"issue":"Pt. 1","key":"2022031219103000100_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2880285","article-title":"Molecular identification of the liver- and the heart-type fatty acid-binding proteins in human and rat kidney. 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