{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:53:07Z","timestamp":1787025187060,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3729,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We previously found that microalbuminuria (MA) is present in 14% of patients with long-standing cystic fibrosis\u2013related diabetes (CFRD). However, others have reported much higher rates of MA in CF patients with and without diabetes (32\u201367%), suggesting this test is not sufficiently specific for diabetic nephropathy screening in CF. We investigated transient (TMA) and persistent (PMA) microalbuminuria in CF patients to resolve these contradictory findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed 1,449 outpatient urinary albumin measurements from 467 patients aged \u226510 years, which were collected over a decade. TMA was defined as a single episode of MA that subsequently was resolved. PMA was defined as two consecutive or two out of three consecutive measurements in the MA range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of TMA that subsequently was resolved in CF patients was similar to the general population. It was found in 7.6% of patients, including 5% of youth (aged 10\u201317 years) and 9% of adults. PMA was found in 6.1% of the overall CF population, including 2% of youth and 8% of adults. The odds of PMA were increased sevenfold in patients with CFRD (95% CI 2.5\u201320, P = 0.0002) and 48-fold in patients with both CFRD and organ transplant (95% CI 13\u2013177, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The five patients with PMA in the absence of CFRD or transplant included two youths with presumed benign orthostatic MA and three adults with hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The spot urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio is specific enough to be a valid screening test for diabetic kidney disease in CFRD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T02:04:00Z","timestamp":1305165840000},"page":"1526-1528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Microalbuminuria in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Melanie","family":"Lind-Ayres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Holme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Mauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luiza","family":"Caramori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031302411391800_B1"},{"key":"2022031302411391800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1576","article-title":"Microvascular complications in cystic fibrosis\u2013related diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Schwarzenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes 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odds ratio","volume":"320","author":"Bland","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2022031302411391800_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c95","DOI":"10.1159\/000314658","article-title":"The Kidney Evaluation and Awareness Program in Sheffield (KEAPS): a community-based screening for microalbuminuria in a British population","volume":"116","author":"Bello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"2022031302411391800_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.09206.x","article-title":"Prevalence of albuminuria in Australia: the AusDiab Kidney Study","volume":"92","author":"Atkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"2022031302411391800_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2001.00833.x","article-title":"Microalbuminuria is common, also in a nondiabetic, nonhypertensive population, and an independent indicator of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity","volume":"249","author":"Hillege","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2022031302411391800_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04631007","article-title":"Albumin excretion rate in normal adolescents: relation to insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors and comparisons to type 1 diabetes mellitus patients","volume":"3","author":"Rademacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2022031302411391800_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21086","article-title":"Renal dysfunction in cystic fibrosis: is there cause for concern?","volume":"44","author":"Soulsby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/34\/7\/1526\/611073\/1526.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/34\/7\/1526\/611073\/1526.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T01:58:32Z","timestamp":1647136712000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/34\/7\/1526\/38641\/Microalbuminuria-in-Patients-With-Cystic-Fibrosis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc10-2231","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]]}}}