{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:16:08Z","timestamp":1792790168082,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3364,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                     <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                     <jats:p>There is now growing evidence that magnesium (Mg) deficiency is implicated in type 2 diabetes and its complications. However, it has not been fully elucidated whether hypomagnesemia is a predictor of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in type 2 diabetic nephropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                     <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                     <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included 455 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients (144 with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and 311 with nondiabetic CKD) who were hospitalized at Osaka General Medical Center for a CKD educational program between April 2001 and December 2007. The primary outcome was progression to renal replacement therapy. Participants were categorized based on serum Mg level into Low-Mg (serum Mg level \u22641.8 mg\/dL) and High-Mg (serum Mg level &amp;gt;1.8 mg\/dL) groups with the previously published normal lower limit chosen as the cutoff point.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                     <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                     <jats:p>Of the subjects with type 2 diabetic nephropathy, 102 progressed to ESRD during follow-up (median, 23 months). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that after adjustment for various demographic factors and laboratory data, the Low-Mg group had a 2.12-fold higher risk of ESRD than the High-Mg group (95% CI 1.28\u20133.51; P = 0.004). In contrast, 135 of the nondiabetic CKD subjects progressed to ESRD during follow-up (median, 44 months). No significant difference in outcome was found between the Low- and High-Mg groups of this population (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.70\u20131.90; P = 0.57).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                     <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                     <jats:p>Hypomagnesemia is a novel predictor of ESRD in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,13]],"date-time":"2012-04-13T04:14:22Z","timestamp":1334290462000},"page":"1591-1597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Sakaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terumasa","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morihiro","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Mitsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kawabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kakuya","family":"Niihata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Isaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Rakugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Tsubakihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, 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