{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T19:27:44Z","timestamp":1783625264421,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3213,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To compare ultra-long-acting insulin degludec with glargine for efficacy and safety in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this 1-year, parallel-group, randomized, open-label, treat-to-target trial, adults with type 2 diabetes with A1C of 7\u221210% taking OADs were randomized 3:1 to receive once daily degludec or glargine, both with metformin. Insulin was titrated to achieve prebreakfast plasma glucose (PG) of 3.9\u22124.9 mmol\/L. The primary end point was confirmation of noninferiority of degludec to glargine in A1C reduction after 52 weeks in an intent-to-treat analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In all, 1,030 participants (mean age 59 years; baseline A1C 8.2%) were randomized (degludec 773, glargine 257). Reduction in A1C with degludec was similar (noninferior) to that with glargine (1.06 vs. 1.19%), with an estimated treatment difference of degludec to glargine of 0.09% (95% CI \u22120.04 to 0.22). Overall rates of confirmed hypoglycemia (PG &amp;lt;3.1 mmol\/L or severe episodes requiring assistance) were similar, with degludec and glargine at 1.52 versus 1.85 episodes\/patient-year of exposure (PYE). There were few episodes of nocturnal confirmed hypoglycemia in the overall population, and these occurred at a lower rate with degludec versus glargine (0.25 vs. 0.39 episodes\/PYE; P = 0.038). Similar percentages of patients in both groups achieved A1C levels &amp;lt;7% without hypoglycemia. End-of-trial mean daily insulin doses were 0.59 and 0.60 units\/kg for degludec and glargine, respectively. Adverse event rates were similar.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Insulins degludec and glargine administered once daily in combination with OADs provided similar long-term glycemic control in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes, with lower rates of nocturnal hypoglycemia with degludec.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,7]],"date-time":"2012-10-07T01:14:18Z","timestamp":1349572458000},"page":"2464-2471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":295,"title":["Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine in Insulin-Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Bernard","family":"Zinman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athena","family":"Philis-Tsimikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scripps Whittier Diabetes Institute, La Jolla, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Cariou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique d\u2019Endocrinologie, l\u2019Institut du Thorax, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehuda","family":"Handelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Institute of America, Tarzana, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena W.","family":"Rodbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Consultants, Rockville, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thue","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S, S\u00f8borg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Endahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S, S\u00f8borg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UZ Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the NN1250-3579 (BEGIN Once Long) Trial Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031302365516200_B1","unstructured":"International Diabetes foundation. 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