{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:07:30Z","timestamp":1792026450099,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3027,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the associations between adiponectin levels and 1) the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and 2) insulin resistance\/sensitivity, \u03b2-cell function, and compensation indices in a prospective cohort representative of the general population of pregnant women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed anthropometric measurements and collected blood samples at 1st (6\u201313 weeks) and 2nd (24\u201328 weeks) trimesters. Diagnosis of GDM was made at 2nd trimester based on a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria). Insulin was measured (ELISA; Luminex) to estimate homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), \u03b2-cell function (HOMA-B), insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), insulin secretion (AUCinsulin\/glucose), and \u03b2-cell compensation (insulin secretion sensitivity index-2). Adiponectin was measured by radioimmunoassay.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among the 445 participants included in this study, 38 women developed GDM. Women who developed GDM had lower 1st-trimester adiponectin levels (9.67 \u00b1 3.84 vs. 11.92 \u00b1 4.59 \u00b5g\/mL in women with normal glucose tolerance). Lower adiponectin levels were associated with higher risk of developing GDM (OR, 1.12 per 1 \u00b5g\/mL decrease of adiponectin levels; P = 0.02, adjusted for BMI and HbA1c at 1st trimester). Adiponectin levels at 1st and 2nd trimesters were associated with HOMA-IR (both: r = \u22120.22, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and Matsuda index (r = 0.28, P &amp;lt; 0.0001, and r = 0.29, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). After adjustment for confounding factors, we found no significant association with HOMA-B and AUCinsulin\/glucose.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pregnant women with lower adiponectin levels at 1st trimester have higher levels of insulin resistance and are more likely to develop GDM independently of adiposity or glycemic measurements.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T18:00:30Z","timestamp":1357754430000},"page":"1577-1583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Lower Adiponectin Levels at First Trimester of Pregnancy Are Associated With Increased Insulin Resistance and Higher Risk of Developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Marilyn","family":"Lacroix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Claude","family":"Battista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Doyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Clinique \u00c9tienne-Le Bel, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"M\u00e9nard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Clinique \u00c9tienne-Le Bel, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Ardilouze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche Clinique \u00c9tienne-Le Bel, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Perron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche Clinique \u00c9tienne-Le Bel, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-France","family":"Hivert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche Clinique \u00c9tienne-Le Bel, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"},{"name":"General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031222365687400_B1","first-page":"B161","article-title":"Summary and recommendations of the Fourth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"21","author":"Metzger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.7.2207","article-title":"TNF-alpha is a predictor of insulin resistance in human pregnancy","volume":"51","author":"Kirwan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B3","first-page":"568","article-title":"Insulin secretion during and after pregnancy in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"86","author":"Homko","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707943","article-title":"Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"358","author":"Metzger","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2011.11.011","article-title":"Update on gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"39","author":"Evensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prim Care"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-005-0023-2","article-title":"Adiponectin and human pregnancy","volume":"5","author":"Mazaki-Tovi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.976","article-title":"Adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"302","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2067-y","article-title":"Insulin resistance influences the association of adiponectin levels with diabetes incidence in two population-based cohorts: the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) S4\/F4 study and the Framingham Offspring Study","volume":"54","author":"Hivert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2010.189","article-title":"Higher adiponectin levels predict greater weight gain in healthy women in the Nurses\u2019 Health Study","volume":"19","author":"Hivert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031201","article-title":"Plasma adiponectin concentrations in early pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"89","author":"Williams","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-008-0037-8","article-title":"Screening for biomarkers predictive of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"45","author":"Georgiou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03198.x","article-title":"First trimester adipocytokine concentrations and risk of developing gestational diabetes later in pregnancy","volume":"69","author":"Lain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2723","article-title":"Maternal serum adiponectin at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation in the prediction of macrosomia","volume":"31","author":"Nanda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3109\/09513591003632084","article-title":"Longitudinal changes of adiponectin, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Paradisi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3017","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-0688","article-title":"First-trimester prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus: examining the potential of combining maternal characteristics and laboratory measures","volume":"59","author":"Savvidou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B16","unstructured":"Canadian Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committee. Canadian Diabetes Association 2008 clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes in Canada. Can J Diabetes 2008;32(Suppl. 1):S168\u2013S180"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B17","unstructured":"Health Canada. Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2, Nutrition (2004): a guide to accessing and interpreting the data [article online], 2004. Available from http:\/\/www.hc-sc.gc.ca\/fn-an\/surveill\/nutrition\/commun\/cchs_guide_escc-eng.php. Accessed 22 August 2012"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B18","unstructured":"Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. Knowledge translation: the revision of the measurement of waist circumference in the CPAFLA [article online], 2012. Available from http:\/\/www.csep.ca\/English\/view.asp?x=724&id=84. Accessed 22 August 2012"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1848","article-title":"International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy","volume":"33","author":"International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/18.6.499","article-title":"Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge","volume":"18","author":"Friedewald","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.9.1602","article-title":"Clinically useful estimates of insulin sensitivity during pregnancy: validation studies in women with normal glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"24","author":"Kirwan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.9.1462","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the euglycemic insulin clamp","volume":"22","author":"Matsuda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.307","article-title":"Hyperbolic relationship between insulin secretion and sensitivity on oral glucose tolerance test","volume":"16","author":"Retnakaran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2009.02841.x","article-title":"Evaluation of proposed oral disposition index measures in relation to the actual disposition index","volume":"26","author":"Retnakaran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)35194-5","article-title":"Impact of the creation of a specialized clinic for prenatal blood sampling and follow-up care in pregnant women","volume":"34","author":"Hivert","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0264-x","article-title":"Adiponectin in human pregnancy: implications for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism","volume":"49","author":"Catalano","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00792.x","article-title":"A longitudinal study of serum adiponectin during normal pregnancy","volume":"113","author":"Fuglsang","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02077.x","article-title":"Decreased high-molecular-weight adiponectin in gestational diabetes: implications for the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes","volume":"24","author":"Retnakaran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-1710-x","article-title":"Adiponectin and beta cell dysfunction in gestational diabetes: pathophysiological implications","volume":"48","author":"Retnakaran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0425","article-title":"Associations of adiponectin, resistin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha with insulin resistance","volume":"93","author":"Hivert","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022031222365687400_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.6.1595","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of a novel, adipose-specific protein, adiponectin, in type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"20","author":"Hotta","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/36\/6\/1577\/615764\/1577.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/36\/6\/1577\/615764\/1577.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T00:52:12Z","timestamp":1647132732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/36\/6\/1577\/33052\/Lower-Adiponectin-Levels-at-First-Trimester-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,15]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc12-1731","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,15]]}}}