{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T06:20:39Z","timestamp":1778566839365,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2941,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Diabetes is often undiagnosed, resulting in incorrect risk stratification for lipid-lowering therapy. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005\u20132010 to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) among U.S. adults with undiagnosed diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fasting NHANES participants 20 years of age or older who had 10-year Framingham coronary heart disease (CHD) risk scores &amp;lt;20% and were free of CHD or other CHD risk equivalents (n = 5,528) were categorized as having normal glucose, impaired fasting glucose, undiagnosed diabetes, or diagnosed diabetes. High LDL-C was defined by the 2004 Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of diagnosed and of undiagnosed diabetes was 8 and 4%, respectively. Mean LDL-C was 102 \u00b1 2 mg\/dL among those with diagnosed diabetes and 117 \u00b1 3 mg\/dL for those with undiagnosed diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The prevalence of high LDL-C was similar among individuals with undiagnosed (81%) and diagnosed (77%) diabetes. Among individuals with undiagnosed diabetes and high LDL-C, 38% were aware, 27% were treated, and 16% met the ATP III LDL-C goal for diabetes. In contrast, among individuals with diagnosed diabetes and high LDL-C, 70% were aware, 61% were treated, and 36% met the ATP III goal. Subjects with undiagnosed diabetes remained less likely to have controlled LDL-C after multivariable adjustment (prevalence ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23\u20130.80).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Improved screening for diabetes and reducing the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes may identify individuals requiring more intensive LDL-C reduction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,2]],"date-time":"2013-05-02T08:58:05Z","timestamp":1367485085000},"page":"2734-2740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Awareness, Treatment, and Control of LDL Cholesterol Are Lower Among U.S. Adults With Undiagnosed Diabetes Versus Diagnosed Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Todd M.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rikki M.","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"April P.","family":"Carson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huifeng","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Rosenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Farkouh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York"},{"name":"Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and the Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Woolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evan L.","family":"Thacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"Glasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika M.","family":"Safford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Muntner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031302023192300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.13260","article-title":"Trends in lipids and lipoproteins in US adults, 1988-2010","volume":"308","author":"Carroll","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022031302023192300_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1L181","article-title":"Trends in statin use and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels among US adults: impact of the 2001 National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines","volume":"42","author":"Mann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"2022031302023192300_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2486","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.19.2486","article-title":"Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)","volume":"285","author":"Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022031302023192300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807233390404","article-title":"Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction","volume":"339","author":"Haffner","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022031302023192300_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1958","article-title":"Does diabetes always confer coronary heart disease risk equivalent to a prior myocardial infarction? 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