{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:35:16Z","timestamp":1791506116867,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2817,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High-heat cooking of food induces the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are thought to impair glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients. High intake of fructose might additionally affect endogenous formation of AGEs. This parallel intervention study investigated whether the addition of fructose or cooking methods influencing the AGE content of food affect insulin sensitivity in overweight individuals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Seventy-four overweight women were randomized to follow either a high- or low-AGE diet for 4 weeks, together with consumption of either fructose or glucose drinks. Glucose and insulin concentrations\u2014after fasting and 2 h after an oral glucose tolerance test\u2014were measured before and after the intervention. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index were calculated. Dietary and urinary AGE concentrations were measured (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) to estimate AGE intake and excretion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>When adjusted for changes in anthropometric measures during the intervention, the low-AGE diet decreased urinary AGEs, fasting insulin concentrations, and HOMA-IR, compared with the high-AGE diet. Addition of fructose did not affect any outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Diets with high AGE content may increase the development of insulin resistance. AGEs can be reduced by modulation of cooking methods but is unaffected by moderate fructose intake.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]],"date-time":"2013-08-20T05:02:59Z","timestamp":1376974979000},"page":"88-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Consumption of a Diet Low in Advanced Glycation End Products for 4 Weeks Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Women"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Alicja Budek","family":"Mark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malene Wibe","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stine","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanette Marker","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika Judyta","family":"Bak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Ritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Juul","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbora","family":"de Courten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Ove","family":"Dragsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne Gjedsted","family":"B\u00fcgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031222252948700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn.81.2.341","article-title":"Origins and evolution of the Western diet: health implications for the 21st century","volume":"81","author":"Cordain","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-005-0200-2","article-title":"Protein-bound advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) as bioactive amino acid derivatives in foods","volume":"29","author":"Henle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2010.03.018","article-title":"Advanced glycation end products in foods and a practical guide to their reduction in the diet","volume":"110","author":"Uribarri","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s002170050043","article-title":"Detection and quantification of pentosidine in foods","volume":"204","author":"Henle","year":"1997","journal-title":"Z Lebensm Unters Forsch A"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03402014","article-title":"Oxidative stress-inducing carbonyl compounds from common foods: novel mediators of cellular dysfunction","volume":"8","author":"Cai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.74","article-title":"AGE restriction in diabetes mellitus: a paradigm shift","volume":"7","author":"Vlassara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.7.2082","article-title":"Improved insulin sensitivity is associated with restricted intake of dietary glycoxidation products in the db\/db mouse","volume":"51","author":"Hofmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.8.2314","article-title":"Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in high-fat-fed mice are linked to high glycotoxin intake","volume":"54","author":"Sandu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15888","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205847109","article-title":"Oral advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) promote insulin resistance and diabetes by depleting the antioxidant defenses AGE receptor-1 and sirtuin 1","volume":"109","author":"Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-007-9563-x","article-title":"Accumulation of endogenous methylglyoxal impaired insulin signaling in adipose tissue of fructose-fed rats","volume":"306","author":"Jia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0091","article-title":"Restriction of advanced glycation end products improves insulin resistance in human type 2 diabetes: potential role of AGER1 and SIRT1","volume":"34","author":"Uribarri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28737","article-title":"A diet based on high-heat-treated foods promotes risk factors for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases","volume":"91","author":"Birlouez-Aragon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.1.1","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: a new perspective on an old paradigm","volume":"48","author":"Baynes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6474","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.12.6474","article-title":"Orally absorbed reactive glycation products (glycotoxins): an environmental risk factor in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"94","author":"Koschinsky","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/58.5.754S","article-title":"Intermediary metabolism of fructose","volume":"58","author":"Mayes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115012","article-title":"Proglucagon products in plasma of noninsulin-dependent diabetics and nondiabetic controls in the fasting state and after oral glucose and intravenous arginine","volume":"87","author":"Orskov","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(99)00116-3","article-title":"Validation of the insulin sensitivity index (ISI(0,120)): comparison with other measures","volume":"47","author":"Gutt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0640629","article-title":"The use of 4-aminobenzoic acid as a marker to validate the completeness of 24 h urine collections in man","volume":"64","author":"Bingham","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1071\/CH12442","article-title":"Detection of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) during dry-state storage of \u03b2-lactoglobulin\/lactose","volume":"65","author":"Jongberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aust J Chem"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-924233","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity indices: a proposal of cut-off points for simple identification of insulin-resistant subjects","volume":"114","author":"Radikova","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12044","article-title":"Effects of an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and inflammation markers in metabolic syndrome\u2014a randomized study (SYSDIET)","volume":"274","author":"Uusitupa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.3.895S","article-title":"Markers of the validity of reported energy intake","volume":"133","author":"Livingstone","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1079\/NRR19980017","article-title":"Assessing dietary intake: Who, what and why of under-reporting","volume":"11","author":"Macdiarmid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2006.09.016","article-title":"Advanced glycation end products attenuate cellular insulin sensitivity by increasing the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in adipocytes","volume":"76","author":"Unoki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4483","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0089","article-title":"Protection against loss of innate defenses in adulthood by low advanced glycation end products (AGE) intake: role of the antiinflammatory AGE receptor-1","volume":"94","author":"Vlassara","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.57","article-title":"Targeted reduction of advanced glycation improves renal function in obesity","volume":"80","author":"Harcourt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15596","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.242407999","article-title":"Inflammatory mediators are induced by dietary glycotoxins, a major risk factor for diabetic angiopathy","volume":"99","author":"Vlassara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000051593.41395.B9","article-title":"Restriction of dietary glycotoxins reduces excessive advanced glycation end products in renal failure patients","volume":"14","author":"Uribarri","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36088","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801698200","article-title":"In skeletal muscle advanced glycation end products (AGEs) inhibit insulin action and induce the formation of multimolecular complexes including the receptor for AGEs","volume":"283","author":"Cassese","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47376","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M301088200","article-title":"Human glycated albumin affects glucose metabolism in L6 skeletal muscle cells by impairing insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate (IRS) signaling through a protein kinase C alpha-mediated mechanism","volume":"278","author":"Miele","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1433.030","article-title":"Determination of N epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine in foods and related systems","volume":"1126","author":"Ames","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12037","DOI":"10.1021\/jf202515k","article-title":"Determination of advanced glycation endproducts by LC-MS\/MS in raw and roasted almonds (Prunus dulcis)","volume":"59","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-011-1107-8","article-title":"Study of the urinary and faecal excretion of N\u03b5-carboxymethyllysine in young human volunteers","volume":"43","author":"Delgado-Andrade","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"2022031222252948700_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1451-2","article-title":"Simple non-invasive assessment of advanced glycation endproduct accumulation","volume":"47","author":"Meerwaldt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetologia"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/37\/1\/88\/618525\/88.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/37\/1\/88\/618525\/88.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T00:39:37Z","timestamp":1647131977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/37\/1\/88\/31802\/Consumption-of-a-Diet-Low-in-Advanced-Glycation"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc13-0842","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]}}}