{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T19:58:30Z","timestamp":1793908710446,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2817,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined metabolic profiles and cardiovascular-renal outcomes in a prospective cohort of Chinese patients with young-onset diabetes defined by diagnosis age &amp;lt;40 years. Patients with type 1 diabetes and normal-weight (BMI &amp;lt;23 kg\/m2) and overweight (BMI \u226523 kg\/m2) patients with type 2 diabetes were compared.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Between 1995 and 2004, 2,323 patients (type 1 diabetes, n = 209; normal-weight type 2 diabetes, n = 636; and overweight type 2 diabetes, n = 1,478) underwent detailed clinical assessment. Incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease were identified using hospital discharge diagnoses. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) was defined by glomerular filtration rate &amp;lt;15 mL\/min\/1.73 m2 or dialysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overweight patients with type 2 diabetes had the worst metabolic profile and highest prevalence of microvascular complications. Over a median follow-up of 9.3 years, incidences of CVD were 0.6, 5.1, and 9.6 per 1,000 person-years in patients with type 1 diabetes, normal-weight patients with type 2 diabetes, and overweight patients with type 2 diabetes. The respective figures for ESRD were 2.2, 6.4, and 8.4 per 1,000 person-years. Compared with type 1 diabetes, the overweight type 2 diabetes group had a greater hazard of progression to CVD (hazard ratio [HR] 15.3 [95% CI 2.1\u2013112.4]) and ESRD (HR 5.4 [95% CI 1.8\u201315.9]), adjusted for age, sex, and disease duration. The association became nonsignificant upon additional adjustment for BMI, blood pressure, and lipid.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Young patients with type 2 diabetes had greater risks of developing cardiovascular-renal complications compared with patients with type 1 diabetes. The increased risk was driven primarily by accompanying metabolic risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-1336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,27]],"date-time":"2013-12-27T23:14:52Z","timestamp":1388186092000},"page":"149-157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Prospective Study on the Incidences of Cardiovascular-Renal Complications in Chinese Patients With Young-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Andrea O.Y.","family":"Luk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S.H.","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing-Yee","family":"So","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald C.W.","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Li Ka Shing Institute of Health and Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice P.S.","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Li Ka Shing Institute of Health and Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Risa","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis C.C.","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana C.N.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Li Ka Shing Institute of Health and Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031222262184300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.3.381","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents","volume":"23","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes 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