{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:06:12Z","timestamp":1788329172667,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":229,"URL":"http:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/site\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001648","name":"European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Paul Langerhans Program Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Paul Langerhans Program Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 AG12834"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 AG12834"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001732","name":"Danish National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["02-512-55"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-512-55"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007398","name":"Danish Council for Strategic Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["09-067009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09-067009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) is associated with glycemic control, yet the relationship between VO2max and the underlying determinants of glycemic control is less clear. Our aim was to determine whether VO2max is associated with insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and the disposition index, a measure of compensatory pancreatic \u03b2-cell insulin secretion relative to insulin sensitivity, in subjects representing the entire range of the glucose tolerance continuum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort of subjects (N = 313) with heterogeneous age, sex, BMI, and glycemic control underwent measurements of body composition, HbA1c, fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), and VO2max. OGTT-derived insulin sensitivity (SiOGTT), glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSISOGTT), and the disposition index (DIOGTT) (the product of SiOGTT and GSISOGTT) were measured, and associations between VO2max and these determinants of glycemic control were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A low VO2max was associated with high HbA1c (r = \u22120.33), high fasting glucose (r = \u22120.34), high 2-h OGTT glucose (r = \u22120.33), low SiOGTT (r = 0.73), and high early-phase (r = \u22120.34) and late-phase (r = \u22120.36) GSISOGTT. Furthermore, a low VO2max was associated with low early- and late-phase DIOGTT (both r = 0.41). Interestingly, relationships between VO2max and either glycemic control or late-phase GSISOGTT deteriorated across the glucose tolerance continuum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association between poor cardiorespiratory fitness and compromised pancreatic \u03b2-cell compensation across the entire glucose tolerance continuum provides additional evidence highlighting the importance of fitness in protection against the onset of a fundamental pathophysiological event that leads to type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]],"date-time":"2015-03-17T22:33:18Z","timestamp":1426631598000},"page":"921-929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Association Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Determinants of Glycemic Control Across the Entire Glucose Tolerance Continuum"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Thomas P.J.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven K.","family":"Malin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Karstoft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sine H.","family":"Knudsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob M.","family":"Haus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Laye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Kirwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH"},{"name":"Metabolic 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