{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:56:12Z","timestamp":1789145772784,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["12\/RC\/2272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/RC\/2272"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004348","name":"Stockholm County Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2011-3060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011-3060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Social And Medical sciences (SIMSAM) framework","award":["340-2013-5867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["340-2013-5867"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the effects of gestational age, birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA) on risk of childhood type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a population-based cohort study of all singleton live births in Sweden between 1973 and 2009 and a sibling control study. Perinatal data were extracted from the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Children with type 1 diabetes diagnosis were identified from the Swedish National Patient Register. Log-linear Poisson regression and conditional logistic regression were used for data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study cohort consisted of 3,624,675 singleton live births (42,411,054 person-years). There were 13,944 type 1 diabetes cases during the study period. The sibling control study consisted of 11,403 children with type 1 diabetes and 17,920 siblings. Gestational age between 33 and 36 weeks (relative risk [RR] 1.18 [95% CI 1.09, 1.28) and 37 and 38 weeks (RR 1.12 [95% CI 1.07, 1.17]) was associated with type 1 diabetes in the cohort study and remained significant in the sibling control study. SGA (RR 0.83 [95% CI 0.75, 0.93]) and LGA (RR 1.14 [95% CI 1.04, 1.24]) were associated with type 1 diabetes in the cohort study. The SGA association remained unchanged in the sibling study, while the LGA association disappeared. Very low birth weight was associated with a reduced risk of type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest a small association between gestational age and type 1 diabetes that is not likely due to familial confounding factors. Gestational age and type 1 diabetes may be related to insulin resistance due to early life growth restriction or altered gut microbiota in preterm babies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]],"date-time":"2015-10-30T22:59:41Z","timestamp":1446245981000},"page":"2308-2315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Gestational Age and Birth Weight and the Risk of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort and Sibling Design Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Ali S.","family":"Khashan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"},{"name":"The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, 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