{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T16:53:43Z","timestamp":1783184023135,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"http:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/site\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008664","name":"JDRF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine insulin dose adjustments required for coverage of high-fat, high-protein (HFHP) meals in type 1 diabetes (T1D).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ten adults with T1D received low-fat, low-protein (LFLP) and HFHP meals with identical carbohydrate content, covered with identical insulin doses. On subsequent occasions, subjects repeated the HFHP meal with an adaptive model-predictive insulin bolus until target postprandial glycemic control was achieved.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With the same insulin dose, the HFHP increased the glucose incremental area under the curve over twofold (13,320 \u00b1 2,960 vs. 27,092 \u00b1 1,709 mg\/dL \u22c5 min; P = 0.0013). To achieve target glucose control following the HFHP, 65% more insulin was required (range 17%\u2013124%) with a 30%\/70% split over 2.4 h.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study demonstrates that insulin dose calculations need to consider meal composition in addition to carbohydrate content and provides the foundation for new insulin-dosing algorithms to cover meals of varying macronutrient composition.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T03:09:05Z","timestamp":1467947345000},"page":"1631-1634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Optimized Mealtime Insulin Dosing for Fat and Protein in Type 1 Diabetes: Application of a Model-Based Approach to Derive Insulin 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