{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:01:08Z","timestamp":1790690468097,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]],"date-time":"2017-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This multicenter, double-blind, treat-to-target, phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of fast-acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) versus insulin aspart (IAsp) in adults with type 2 diabetes receiving basal insulin and oral antidiabetic agents.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The primary end point was HbA1c change from baseline after 26 weeks\u2019 treatment. After an 8-week run-in to optimize basal insulin, subjects were randomized (1:1) to mealtime faster aspart (n = 345) or IAsp (n = 344), titrated using a simple daily patient-driven algorithm, plus insulin glargine U100 and metformin.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>HbA1c change was \u20131.38% (faster aspart) and \u20131.36% (IAsp); mean HbA1c was 6.6% for both groups. Faster aspart demonstrated noninferiority versus IAsp in reducing HbA1c (estimated treatment difference [ETD] [95% CI] \u20130.02% [\u20130.15; 0.10]). Both treatments improved postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) control; the PPG increment (liquid meal test) was statistically significant in favor of faster aspart after 1 h (ETD [95% CI] \u22120.59 mmol\/L [\u22121.09; \u22120.09]; \u221210.63 mg\/dL [\u221219.56; \u22121.69]; P = 0.0198), but not after 2\u20134 h. Change from baseline in fasting plasma glucose, body weight, and overall severe\/blood glucose\u2013confirmed hypoglycemia rates (rate ratio [RR] [95% CI] 1.09 [0.88; 1.36]) were similar between treatments. Postmeal hypoglycemia (0\u22122 h) rates were 2.27 (faster aspart) and 1.49 (IAsp) per patient-year of exposure (RR [95% CI] 1.60 [1.13; 2.27]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Faster aspart and IAsp were confirmed noninferior in a basal-bolus regimen regarding change from baseline in HbA1c. Faster aspart improved 1-h PPG with no differences in 2\u22124-h PPG versus IAsp. Overall hypoglycemia rates were similar except for an increase in 0\u22122-h postmeal hypoglycemia with faster aspart.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,9]],"date-time":"2017-05-09T00:30:14Z","timestamp":1494289814000},"page":"951-957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Faster Aspart Versus Insulin Aspart as Part of a Basal-Bolus Regimen in Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: The onset 2 Trial"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"40","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct01819129","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0075-0624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith","family":"Bowering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Case","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jefferson City Medical Group, Jefferson City, MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gladstone Centre, Maelor Hospital, Bangor University, Wrexham, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Reeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Clinical Trials, Chattanooga, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sampson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes, Endocrinology and General Medicine, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Strzinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Protenium Clinical Research, Hurst, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ditte-Marie","family":"Bretler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S, S\u00f8borg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rikke Beck","family":"Bang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S, S\u00f8borg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce W.","family":"Bode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlanta Diabetes Associates, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031219440648800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2441","article-title":"Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centered approach: update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes","volume":"38","author":"Inzucchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2022031219440648800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2010.02517.x","article-title":"The glucose triad and its role in comprehensive glycaemic control: current status, future management","volume":"64","author":"Ceriello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"2022031219440648800_B3","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. 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