{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T01:39:06Z","timestamp":1773970746746,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"http:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fremantle Hospital Medical Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To develop a type 2 diabetes hip fracture risk tool in community-based patients, to validate it in an independent cohort, and to compare its performance against the only published prediction equation to include type 2 diabetes as a risk factor (QFracture).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hip fracture hospitalizations in 1,251 participants with type 2 diabetes aged 40\u201389 years from the longitudinal Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase I (FDS1) were ascertained between entry (1993\u20131996) and end-2012. Competing risk regression modeling determined independent predictors of time to first fracture over 10 years and the coefficients incorporated in a risk model. The model was validated in 286 participants with type 2 diabetes from the Busselton Health Study (BHS).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty FDS1 participants (4.0%) experienced a first hip fracture during 10,306 person-years of follow-up. Independent predictors of fracture were older age, female sex, lower BMI, peripheral sensory neuropathy, and estimated glomerular filtration rate &amp;lt;45 mL\/min\/1.73 m2. The model-predicted mean 10-year incident fracture risk was 3.3% with good discrimination, calibration, and accuracy. For a 3% cutoff, sensitivity was 76.0%, specificity 71.9%, positive predictive value (PPV) 10.1%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 98.6%. Model performance in the small BHS sample was also good (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 79.8%, PPV 6.2%, and NPV 99.2%). QFracture performed well in FDS1 but required availability of 25 variables.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The FDS1 hip fracture risk equation is a simple validated adjunct to type 2 diabetes management that uses variables that are readily available in routine care.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T16:26:17Z","timestamp":1542644777000},"page":"102-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Development and Validation of a Simple Hip Fracture Risk Prediction Tool for Type 2 Diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase I"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Wendy A.","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma J.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9979-6867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David G.","family":"Bruce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0749-7411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy 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