{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T02:44:59Z","timestamp":1775011499106,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined the relationship between habitual daily physical activity and measures of glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and \u03b2-cell responses in adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or drug-naive, recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants included 230 adults (mean \u00b1 SD age 54.5 \u00b1 8.5 years, BMI 35 \u00b1 5.5 kg\/m2; 42.6% women) who underwent a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and hyperglycemic clamp. Wrist accelerometers worn for 7 consecutive days measured total physical activity counts (TAC) (daily mean 233,460 [\u223c50th percentile for age]). We evaluated whether TAC was associated with fasting plasma glucose, OGTT 2-h plasma glucose or glucose incremental area under the curve (G-iAUC), hyperglycemic clamp measures of insulin sensitivity (steady-state glucose infusion rate\/insulin [M\/I]) and \u03b2-cell responses (acute C-peptide response to glucose, steady-state C-peptide, and maximal \u03b2-cell response), and OGTT C-peptide index (\u0394C-peptide0\u201330\/\u0394glucose0\u201330).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After adjustments for confounders, there was no association of TAC with fasting plasma glucose, 2-h glucose, or G-iAUC. Higher TAC was associated with higher insulin sensitivity (M\/I). After adjusting for M\/I, higher TAC was not associated with measures of \u03b2-cell response.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In adults with IGT or drug-naive, recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes, higher levels of habitual physical activity are associated with higher insulin sensitivity. Further studies are needed to understand why higher levels of physical activity are not associated with better \u03b2-cell response.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,8]],"date-time":"2019-06-08T18:05:15Z","timestamp":1560017115000},"page":"1521-1529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Association of Habitual Daily Physical Activity With Glucose Tolerance and \u03b2-Cell Function in Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance or Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes From the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Karla A.","family":"Temple","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley H.","family":"Tjaden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Rockville, MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Atkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Barengolts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara S.","family":"Hannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8696-7500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kieren J.","family":"Mather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4924-196X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina M.","family":"Utzschneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8457-4404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Edelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Rockville, MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Ehrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8135-5433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Babak","family":"Mokhlesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"RISE Consortium Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip S.","family":"Zeitler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayne","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Cree-Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yesenia Garcia","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krista","family":"Vissat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Ehrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karla A.","family":"Temple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abby","family":"Rue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Barengolts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Babak","family":"Mokhlesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eve","family":"Van Cauter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Sam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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