{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:32:37Z","timestamp":1791847957866,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan","award":["H29-SEISHIN-ippan-001 and ID 19GC1201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H29-SEISHIN-ippan-001 and ID 19GC1201"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to reveal the associations between the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes and the duration of antidepressant use and the antidepressant dose, and between antidepressant use after diabetes onset and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this large-scale retrospective cohort study in Japan, new users of antidepressants (exposure group) and nonusers (nonexposure group), aged 20\u201379 years, were included between 1 April 2006 and 31 May 2015. Patients with a history of diabetes or receipt of antidiabetes treatment were excluded. Covariates were adjusted by using propensity score matching; the associations were analyzed between risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes and the duration of antidepressant use\/dose of antidepressant in the exposure and nonexposure groups by using Cox proportional hazards models. Changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were examined in groups with continuous use, discontinuation, or a reduction in the dose of antidepressants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 90,530 subjects, 45,265 were in both the exposure and the nonexposure group after propensity score matching; 5,225 patients (5.8%) developed diabetes. Antidepressant use was associated with the risk of diabetes onset in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The adjusted hazard ratio was 1.27 (95% CI 1.16\u20131.39) for short-term low-dose and 3.95 (95% CI 3.31\u20134.72) for long-term high-dose antidepressant use. HbA1c levels were lower in patients who discontinued or reduced the dose of antidepressants (F[2,49] = 8.17; P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long-term antidepressant use increased the risk of type 2 diabetes onset in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Glucose tolerance improved when antidepressants were discontinued or the dose was reduced after diabetes onset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T01:15:36Z","timestamp":1581556536000},"page":"885-893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Association Between the Use of Antidepressants and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Large, Population-Based Cohort Study in Japan"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Miidera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minori","family":"Enomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Science, Tokyo University of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisateru","family":"Tachimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1182-1181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuo","family":"Mishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan"},{"name":"International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, Tsukuba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031223490502200_B1","volume-title":"Prescription Drug Expenditures in 2001: Another Year of Escalating Costs","author":"National Institute for Health Care Management Research and Educational Foundation"},{"key":"2022031223490502200_B2","unstructured":"Mishima\u2008K. 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