{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T11:06:53Z","timestamp":1791630413868,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000901","name":"JDRF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rapid insulin-alone artificial pancreas improves glycemia in type 1 diabetes but daytime control remains suboptimal. We propose two novel dual-hormone artificial pancreas systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a randomized crossover trial comparing a rapid insulin-alone artificial pancreas with rapid insulin-and-pramlintide and with regular insulin-and-pramlintide artificial pancreas systems in adults with type 1 diabetes. Participants were assigned to the interventions in random order during three 24-h inpatient visits. Each visit was preceded by an outpatient hormonal open-loop run-in period of 10\u201314 days. The dual-hormone artificial pancreas delivered pramlintide in a basal-bolus manner, using a novel dosing algorithm, with a fixed ratio relative to insulin. The primary outcome was time in the range 3.9\u201310.0 mmol\/L.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with the rapid insulin-alone artificial pancreas system, the rapid insulin-and-pramlintide system increased the time in range from 74% (SD 18%) to 84% (13%) (P = 0.0014), whereas the regular insulin-and-pramlintide system did not change the time in range (69% [19%]; P = 0.22). The increased time in range with the rapid insulin-and-pramlintide system was due to improved daytime control (daytime time in range increased from 63% [23%] to 78% [16%], P = 0.0004). There were 11 (1 per 2.5 days) hypoglycemic events (&amp;lt;3.3 mmol\/L with symptoms or &amp;lt;3.0 mmol\/L irrespective of symptoms) with the rapid insulin-alone system, compared with 12 (1 per 2.3 days) and 18 (1 per 1.4 days) with the rapid and regular insulin-and-pramlintide systems, respectively. Gastrointestinal symptoms were reported after 0% (0 of 112) of meals with the rapid insulin-alone system, compared with 6% (6 of 108) and 11% (11 of 104) with the rapid and regular insulin-and-pramlintide systems, respectively; none of the symptoms were severe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A novel rapid insulin-and-pramlintide artificial pancreas improves glucose control compared with a rapid insulin-alone artificial pancreas (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02814123).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]],"date-time":"2020-01-23T20:06:41Z","timestamp":1579810001000},"page":"597-606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["A Novel Dual-Hormone Insulin-and-Pramlintide Artificial Pancreas for Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"43","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct02814123","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov","type":"results"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6700-0385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Haidar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"},{"name":"The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Tsoukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"},{"name":"Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Bernier-Twardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Francois","family":"Yale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"},{"name":"Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Rutkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Bossy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyne","family":"Pytka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"El Fathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Strauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Legault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montreal Children\u2019s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, 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