{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:59:31Z","timestamp":1790675971047,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":52,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tachyphylaxis for slowing of gastric emptying is seen with continuous exposure to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). We therefore aimed to establish whether prolonged use of a \u201cshort-acting\u201d GLP-1 receptor agonist, lixisenatide, achieves sustained slowing of gastric emptying and reduction in postprandial glycemia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 30 patients with metformin-treated type 2 diabetes underwent assessment of gastric emptying (scintigraphy) and glucose metabolism (dual tracer technique) after a 75-g glucose drink, before and after 8 weeks\u2019 treatment with lixisenatide (20 \u03bcg subcutaneously daily) or placebo, in a double-blind randomized parallel design.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gastric retention of the glucose drink was markedly increased after lixisenatide versus placebo (ratio of adjusted geometric means for area under the curve [AUC] over 240 min of 2.19 [95% CI 1.82, 2.64], P &amp;lt; 0.001), associated with substantial reductions in the rate of systemic appearance of oral glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and incremental AUC for blood glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Lixisenatide suppressed both glucagon (P = 0.003) and insulin (P = 0.032), but not endogenous glucose production, over 120 min after oral glucose intake. Postprandial glucose lowering over 240 min was strongly related to the magnitude of slowing of gastric emptying by lixisenatide (r = \u22120.74, P = 0.002) and to the baseline rate of emptying (r = 0.52, P = 0.048) but unrelated to \u03b2-cell function (assessed by \u03b2-cell glucose sensitivity).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eight weeks\u2019 treatment with lixisenatide is associated with sustained slowing of gastric emptying and marked reductions in postprandial glycemia and appearance of ingested glucose. Short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists therefore potentially represent an effective long-term therapy for specifically targeting postprandial glucose excursions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T02:35:27Z","timestamp":1590806127000},"page":"1813-1821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Effects of Sustained Treatment With Lixisenatide on Gastric Emptying and Postprandial Glucose Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5527-256X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher K.","family":"Rayner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence for Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4970-3893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda E.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence for Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liza K.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence for Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kylie","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence for Translating 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Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-5816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence for Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence for Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, 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