{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:28:26Z","timestamp":1791048506889,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the association between diabetes and gray matter atrophy patterns in a general older Japanese population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2012, a total of 1,189 community-dwelling Japanese aged \u226565 years underwent brain MRI scans. Regional gray matter volumes (GMV) and intracranial volume (ICV) were measured by applying voxel-based morphometry (VBM) methods. The associations of diabetes and related parameters with the regional GMV\/ICV were examined using an ANCOVA. The regional gray matter atrophy patterns in the subjects with diabetes or elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or 2-h postload glucose (2hPG) levels were investigated using VBM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Subjects with diabetes had significantly lower mean values of GMV\/ICV in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, insula, deep gray matter structures, and cerebellum than subjects without diabetes after adjusting for potential confounders. A longer duration of diabetes was also significantly associated with lower mean values of GMV\/ICV in these brain regions. The multivariable-adjusted mean values of the temporal, insular, and deep GMV\/ICV decreased significantly with elevating 2hPG levels, whereas higher FPG levels were not significantly associated with GMV\/ICV of any brain regions. In the VBM analysis, diabetes was associated with gray matter atrophy in the bilateral superior temporal gyri, right middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, bilateral thalami, right caudate, and right cerebellum.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The current study suggests that a longer duration of diabetes and elevated 2hPG levels are significant risk factors for gray matter atrophy in various brain regions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T18:23:50Z","timestamp":1651515830000},"page":"1364-1371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Association Between Diabetes and Gray Matter Atrophy Patterns in a General Older Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Naoki","family":"Hirabayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"2Ito Clinic, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"3Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2698-344X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"4Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"5Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Furuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"5Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"6Department of Medical-Engineering Collaboration for Healthy Longevity, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Ohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"7Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mao","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"3Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"4Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichiro","family":"Hirakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"5Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Division of Ultrahigh Field MRI, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazufumi","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanari","family":"Kitazono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"5Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Sudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Ninomiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"4Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022060218530056000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70284-2","article-title":"Risk of dementia in diabetes mellitus: a systematic 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