{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T20:30:56Z","timestamp":1793824256701,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Study identifier: VxHO-000044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Study identifier: VxHO-000044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on the real-world burden of herpes zoster (HZ) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the U.S. are limited. We assessed HZ in patients with and without T2D and measured the impact of HZ on health care resource use (HCRU) and costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort analysis used U.S. commercial claims data (sourced from claims incurred between 1 January 2012 and 31 July 2018). HZ incidence rates\/1,000 person-years (PYs) were calculated in patients with and without T2D. HZ risk was evaluated using Poisson regression to generate adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs). Patients with T2D with HZ were propensity score matched to patients with T2D only and to patients with HZ without T2D. HCRU and costs were compared across cohorts during a 1-year follow-up period. Cox proportional hazards analyses evaluated factors associated with HZ-related complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Crude HZ incidence rates in patients with and without T2D were 9.8\/1,000 PY and 2.6\/1,000 PY, respectively. T2D patients were almost twice as likely to be diagnosed with HZ (aIRR 1.84; 95% CI 1.82\u20131.85). HZ was associated with increased HCRU and health care costs. At 12 months, unadjusted incremental all-cause health care costs for patients with T2D with HZ versus patients with T2D without HZ were $5,216. The unadjusted incremental HZ-related health care costs for patients with T2D with HZ versus patients with HZ without T2D were $2,726. Age was the most important predictor for HZ-related complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the increased risk of HZ and HCRU and cost burden in patients with T2D, HZ prevention in patients with T2D may be beneficial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-2053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T14:02:50Z","timestamp":1663941770000},"page":"2585-2593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Herpes Zoster Incidence and Burden in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in the U.S.: A Retrospective Database Analysis"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1246-7746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Etienne","family":"Poirrier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1GSK, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana L.","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh P.","family":"Nagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon J.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1GSK, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa I.","family":"Glasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1GSK, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4080-0470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serge A.","family":"Jabbour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023053115512144000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1302674","article-title":"Clinical practice: herpes zoster","volume":"369","author":"Cohen","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000307","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors for postherpetic neuralgia","volume":"157","author":"Forbes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004833","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-004833","article-title":"Systematic review of incidence and complications of herpes zoster: towards a global perspective","volume":"4","author":"Kawai","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S429","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab387","article-title":"Herpes zoster vaccines","volume":"224","author":"Harbecke","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3210","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1185","article-title":"Herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia: changing incidence rates from 1994 to 2018 in the United States","volume":"73","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.10.009","article-title":"Risk factors for herpes zoster: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"Kawai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-018-0394-4","article-title":"Herpes zoster and diabetes mellitus: a review","volume":"9","author":"Papagianni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-014-0645-x","article-title":"Risk of herpes zoster among diabetics: a matched cohort study in a US insurance claim database before introduction of vaccination, 1997\u20132006","volume":"42","author":"Guignard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25292","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000025292","article-title":"The incidence of herpes zoster in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"100","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofu049","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofu049","article-title":"Incidence of herpes zoster and persistent post-zoster pain in adults with or without diabetes in the United States","volume":"1","author":"Suaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.11.079","article-title":"Costs of herpes zoster complications in older adults: a cohort study of US claims database","volume":"37","author":"Meyers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.08.080","article-title":"Cost of herpes zoster and herpes zoster-related complications among immunocompromised individuals","volume":"36","author":"Meyers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1324373","article-title":"Analysis of real-world health care costs among immunocompetent patients aged 50 years or older with herpes zoster in the United States","volume":"13","author":"Meyers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B14","volume-title":"National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2020. Estimates of Diabetes and its Burden in the United States","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B15","first-page":"32","article-title":"International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems. Tenth revision","volume":"41","author":"Br\u00e4mer","year":"1988","journal-title":"World Health Stat Q"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B16","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n          . International Classification of Diseases: Ninth Revision: Basic Tabulation List With Alphabetic Index. Accessed 2 October 2021. Available from: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/39473. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1978"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.03.007","article-title":"Validating ICD coding algorithms for diabetes mellitus from administrative data","volume":"89","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.01.006","article-title":"The Charlson comorbidity index is adapted to predict costs of chronic disease in primary care patients","volume":"61","author":"Charlson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90133-8","article-title":"Adapting a clinical comorbidity index for use with ICD-9-CM administrative databases","volume":"45","author":"Deyo","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B20","first-page":"15","article-title":"Diabetes complications severity index and risk of mortality, hospitalization, and healthcare utilization","volume":"14","author":"Young","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.2337\/db21-0385","article-title":"Diabetes, drug treatment, and mortality in COVID-19: a multinational retrospective cohort study","volume":"70","author":"Nyland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1885","article-title":"Association between high-deductible health plans and engagement in routine medical care for type 2 diabetes in a privately insured population: a propensity score-matched study","volume":"45","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B23","unstructured":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\n          . Consumer price index. Measuring Price Change in the CPI: Medical care. 2018. Accessed 2 October 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cpi\/factsheets\/medical-care.htm"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0729","article-title":"Epidemiological features and costs of herpes zoster in Taiwan: a national study 2000 to 2006","volume":"89","author":"Jih","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6703a5","article-title":"Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for use of herpes zoster vaccines","volume":"67","author":"Dooling","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7103a2","article-title":"Use of recombinant zoster vaccine in immunocompromised adults aged \u226519 years: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices\u2014United States, 2022","volume":"71","author":"Anderson","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2482","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1879579","article-title":"Early examination of real-world uptake and second-dose completion of recombinant zoster vaccine in the United States from October 2017 to September 2019","volume":"17","author":"Patterson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027196","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2022.2027196","article-title":"Modeled impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated reduction in adult vaccinations on herpes zoster in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Curran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S004","article-title":"4. Comprehensive medical evaluation and assessment of comorbidities: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes\u20142022","volume":"45","author":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6712a2","article-title":"Prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in adults by diabetes type - United States, 2016","volume":"67","author":"Bullard","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2023053115512144000_B31","first-page":"311","article-title":"Estimation of annual health care costs for adults with type 1 diabetes in the United States","volume":"26","author":"Joish","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/45\/11\/2585\/716227\/dc212053.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/45\/11\/2585\/716227\/dc212053.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T11:52:20Z","timestamp":1685533940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/45\/11\/2585\/147673\/Herpes-Zoster-Incidence-and-Burden-in-Adults-With"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc21-2053","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.20736703.v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.20736703","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]}}}