{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:34:19Z","timestamp":1792427659832,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003197","name":"Italian Medicines Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes may affect the humoral immune response after vaccination, but data concerning coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccines are scarce. We evaluated the impact of diabetes on antibody response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and tested for differences according to antidiabetic treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For this analysis, 555 older residents of LTCFs participating in the GeroCovid Vax study were included. SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S immunoglobulin G (anti-S IgG) concentrations using chemiluminescent assays were tested before the first dose and after 2 and 6 months. The impact of diabetes on anti-S IgG levels was evaluated using linear mixed models, which included the interaction between time and presence of diabetes. A second model also considered diabetes treatment: no insulin therapy (including dietary only or use of oral antidiabetic agents) and insulin therapy (alone or in combination with oral antidiabetic agents).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age of the sample was 82.1 years, 68.1% were women, and 25.2% had diabetes. In linear mixed models, presence of diabetes was associated with lower anti-S IgG levels at 2 (\u03b2 = \u22120.20; 95% CI \u22120.34, \u22120.06) and 6 months (\u03b2 = \u22120.22; 95% CI \u22120.37, \u22120.07) after the first vaccine dose. Compared with those without diabetes, residents with diabetes not using insulin had lower IgG levels at 2- and 6-month assessments (\u03b2 = \u22120.24; 95% CI \u22120.43, \u22120.05 and \u03b2 = \u22120.30; 95% CI \u22120.50, \u22120.10, respectively), whereas no differences were observed for those using insulin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Older residents of LTCFs with diabetes tended to have weaker antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination. Insulin treatment might buffer this effect and establish humoral immunity similar to that in individuals without diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T15:06:46Z","timestamp":1665068806000},"page":"2935-2942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Diabetes Affects Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Older Residents of Long-term Care Facilities: Data From the GeroCovid Vax Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Enrico","family":"Virgilio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9221-6997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina","family":"Trevisan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy"},{"name":"3Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy"},{"name":"4Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Abbatecola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Day Clinic, Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Frosinone, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Malara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Associazione Nazionale Strutture Territoriali e per la Terza Et\u00e0 (ANASTE)-Humanitas Foundation, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annapina","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Fedele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Stefanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasqualina","family":"Leone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Schiavoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Maggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Volpato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Antonelli Incalzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graziano","family":"Onder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Roma, Italy"},{"name":"10Universit\u00e0 Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the GeroCovid Vax Working Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela Marie","family":"Abbatecola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Andrieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele Antonelli","family":"Incalzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Arenare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Bagal\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatjana","family":"Baldovin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Bisceglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Bissoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Bontempi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilda","family":"Borselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Bottaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Bottoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Brandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Bravin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Adele","family":"Buizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Cafariello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia Maria","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Calsolaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Canepa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariagrazia","family":"Capuano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Capurso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marialudovica","family":"Carducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Carino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Cattaneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Ceravolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Angelica Dorotea","family":"Chiesara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danila","family":"Clerici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierpaolo","family":"Clerici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Coin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vieri","family":"Collacchioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Compiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Costanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Crupi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Cucunato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela Marina","family":"D'Abramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"D'Agostino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferdinando","family":"D'Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio De","family":"Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania Del","family":"Vecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Deleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalaura","family":"Dell'Armi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommasina Di","family":"Brango","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Di","family":"Lonardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Raffaella Di","family":"Nanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babette","family":"Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Elmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Fedele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Fiorucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Fortunato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Froncillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Galasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Galdiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Galdiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier Paolo","family":"Gasbarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Gennai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliana Ghiselli","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Giribaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Godeanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuele","family":"Gommaraschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Granata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giada Ida","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Grillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianbattista","family":"Guerrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Guglielmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Labjona","family":"Haxhiaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio Giuseppe","family":"Iacovella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Indino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio Alex","family":"Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kanah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liudmila","family":"Kountsevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jovan","family":"Leci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Limongi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Lipari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Maggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Malara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonarda","family":"Maltese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Marotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Mazzarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hior","family":"Melnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Minchella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Moneti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Monzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Morandotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Morelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Mortola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Noale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chukwuma","family":"Okoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graziano","family":"Onder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Orlanducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Paganelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Pagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Pagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Palladino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annapina","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Palumeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Paolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimondo","family":"Patern\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Pavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loris","family":"Pelucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agostino","family":"Perri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Perticone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Pigozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Prato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Pullia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Amedeo","family":"Qasem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Raffaele","family":"Addamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Raffaelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Restivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michela Fernanda","family":"Rigon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Romagnoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Romaniello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Ruberto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Sala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Sambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Concetta","family":"Sciurti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonietta","family":"Scriva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Secchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Settembrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Sirianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Spaccaferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fausto","family":"Spadea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Stefanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Stefanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brunella","family":"Stelitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Stringhini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Tarsitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Terziotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Trevisan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Ursino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Veneziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Vigliotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Vignati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Vignola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Virgilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Visconti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Volpato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Vozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Zaccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023021316465208900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100771","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical features of COVID-19 outbreaks in aged care facilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Hashan","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.02.064","article-title":"Monitoring COVID-19 vaccine use in Italian long term care centers: the GeroCovid VAX study","volume":"40","author":"Abbatecola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.03.066","article-title":"Are vaccines against COVID-19 tailored to the most vulnerable people?","volume":"39","author":"Antonelli Incalzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3377","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3377","article-title":"Obesity and diabetes as high-risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19)","volume":"37","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi20-0032","article-title":"COVID-19 and diabetes: a collision and collusion of two diseases","volume":"69","author":"Feldman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.04.044","article-title":"Is diabetes mellitus associated with mortality and severity of COVID-19? A meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23172","article-title":"The independent risk of obesity and diabetes and their interaction in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Tchang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2676","article-title":"Diabetes and overweight\/obesity are independent, nonadditive risk factors for in-hospital severity of COVID-19: an international, multicenter retrospective meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Longmore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B9","first-page":"442","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and its impact on the immune system","volume":"16","author":"Berbudi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05164-x","article-title":"Prevention and management of COVID-19 among patients with diabetes: an appraisal of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Katulanda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-0287","article-title":"Glycemic control and risk of infections among people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in a large primary care cohort study","volume":"41","author":"Critchley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S004","article-title":"4. Comprehensive medical evaluation and assessment of comorbidities: standards of medical care in diabetes-2022","volume":"45","author":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.02.026","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccination in patients with diabetes mellitus: Current concepts, uncertainties and challenges","volume":"15","author":"Pal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-018-0394-4","article-title":"Herpes zoster and diabetes mellitus: a review","volume":"9","author":"Papagianni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2020.1760098","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus as a vaccine-effect modifier: a review","volume":"19","author":"Verstraeten","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10030382","article-title":"Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in people with diabetes: a prospective observational study","volume":"10","author":"Papadokostaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14643","article-title":"Humoral immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in diabetes is age-dependent but independent of type of diabetes and glycaemic control: the prospective COVAC-DM cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Sourij","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752233","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.752233","article-title":"Robust antibody levels in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals after BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination","volume":"12","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14547","article-title":"Does poor glycaemic control affect the immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes: the CAVEAT study","volume":"24","author":"Marfella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486403","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/486403","article-title":"Stress hyperglycemia, insulin treatment, and innate immune cells","volume":"2014","author":"Xiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2009.07.009","article-title":"The effects and mechanisms of insulin on systemic inflammatory response and immune cells in severe trauma, burn injury, and sepsis","volume":"9","author":"Deng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1820145","article-title":"Diabetes induces apoptosis in lymphocytes","volume":"182","author":"Otton","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00229","article-title":"Interactions between the neuroendocrine system and T lymphocytes in diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Andreone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.36150\/2499-6564-N440","article-title":"Disentangling the impact of COVID-19 infection on clinical outcomes and preventive strategies in older persons: an Italian perspective","volume":"70","author":"Abbatecola","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv096","article-title":"Are performance measures necessary to predict loss of independence in elderly people?","volume":"71","author":"Pedone","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B26","unstructured":"Ministero della Salute\n          . OGGETTO: raccomandazioni per l\u2019organizzazione della campagna vaccinale contro SARS-CoV-2\/COVID-19 e procedure di vaccinazione. Accessed 6 June 2022. Available from https:\/\/www.trovanorme.salute.gov.it\/norme\/renderNormsanPdf?anno=2020&codLeg=77981&parte=1&serie=null"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.07.018","article-title":"Tighter glycemic control is associated with ADL physical dependency losses in older patients using sulfonylureas or mitiglinides: results from the DIMORA study","volume":"64","author":"Abbatecola","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2115463","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines in U.S. veterans","volume":"386","author":"Dickerman","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100616-060718","article-title":"Sex and gender differences in the outcomes of vaccination over the life course","volume":"33","author":"Flanagan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B30","unstructured":"R Development Core Team\n          . R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Accessed 6 June 2022. Available from https:\/\/www.R-project.org"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.04.058","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of hepatitis B vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes in China: an open-label randomized controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2016.1132171","article-title":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use in adults","volume":"15","author":"Isturiz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10010127","article-title":"PCV13 vaccination of adults against pneumococcal disease: what we have learned from the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA) [published correction appears in Microorganisms 2022;10:1018]","volume":"10","author":"Theilacker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1980.03310230023016","article-title":"Antibody response to polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in diabetics","volume":"244","author":"Beam","year":"1980","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1980.03310200050027","article-title":"Intact antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides in uremia and diabetes","volume":"244","author":"Friedman","year":"1980","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.30.2.119","article-title":"Pneumococcal immunization in adult diabetics","volume":"30","author":"Lederman","year":"1981","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-2517","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of first and repeat influenza vaccination in adult and elderly diabetic patients","volume":"29","author":"Looijmans-Van den Akker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01582","article-title":"The effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on organ metabolism and the immune system","volume":"11","author":"Daryabor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S195","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S013","article-title":"13. Older adults: standards of medical care in diabetes-2022","volume":"45","author":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17735","article-title":"Glycemic treatment deintensification practices in nursing home residents with type 2 diabetes","volume":"70","author":"Lederle","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13344","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes is associated with the accumulation of senescent T cells","volume":"197","author":"Lau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06389","article-title":"Insulin and glucose mediate opposite intracellular ionized magnesium variations in human lymphocytes","volume":"190","author":"Delva","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601689","article-title":"Possible roles of magnesium on the immune system","volume":"57","author":"Tam","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00084-18","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00084-18","article-title":"Factors that influence the immune response to vaccination","volume":"32","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.2.148","article-title":"Hepatitis B vaccination in diabetic patients. Randomized trial comparing recombinant vaccines containing and not containing pre-S2 antigen","volume":"20","author":"Douvin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023021316465208900_B46","first-page":"CR516","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus serologic markers and anti-hepatitis B vaccination in patients with diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Halota","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/45\/12\/2935\/697372\/dc221255.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/45\/12\/2935\/697372\/dc221255.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T11:47:39Z","timestamp":1676288859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/45\/12\/2935\/147714\/Diabetes-Affects-Antibody-Response-to-SARS-CoV-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc22-1255","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.21128074","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.21128074.v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.21128074.v2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]}}}