{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T19:46:25Z","timestamp":1781725585911,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Health Equity"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research & Development"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the effectiveness of remote foot temperature monitoring (RTM) in the Veterans Affairs health care system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included 924 eligible patients enrolled in RTM between 2019 and 2021 who were matched up to 3:1 to 2,757 nonenrolled comparison patients. We used conditional Cox regression to estimate adjusted cause-specific hazard ratios (aHRs) and corresponding 95% CIs for lower-extremity amputation (LEA) as the primary outcome and all-cause hospitalization and death as secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RTM was not associated with LEA incidence (aHR 0.92, 95% CI 0.62\u20131.37) or all-cause hospitalization (aHR 0.97, 95% CI 0.82\u20131.14) but was inversely associated (reduced risk) with death (aHR 0.63, 95% CI 0.49\u20130.82).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study does not provide support that RTM reduces the risk of LEA or all-cause hospitalization in individuals with a history of diabetic foot ulcer. Randomized controlled trials can overcome important limitations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T12:54:11Z","timestamp":1686833651000},"page":"1464-1468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Remote Foot Temperature Monitoring for Prevention of Amputation in a Large Integrated Health Care System"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4247-8286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyson J.","family":"Littman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA"},{"name":"2Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle-Denver Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered Value-Driven Care, Health Services Research & Development Seattle, Washington, Health Services, Seattle, WA"},{"name":"3Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Timmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Korpak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.C. Gary","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA"},{"name":"4Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth T.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Veterans Affairs Office of Health Equity, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Shirley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Veterans Health Administration Innovation Ecosystem, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Nordrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Veterans Health Administration Innovation Ecosystem, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Robbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Specialty Care Services, Podiatry Program Office, Veterans Affairs Central Office, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhail","family":"Masadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Division of Podiatry, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Moy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Veterans Affairs Office of Health Equity, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072018563782000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.11.2642","article-title":"Home monitoring of foot skin temperatures to prevent ulceration","volume":"27","author":"Lavery","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.06.028","article-title":"Skin temperature monitoring reduces the risk for diabetic foot ulceration in high-risk patients","volume":"120","author":"Armstrong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1600","article-title":"Preventing diabetic foot ulcer recurrence in high-risk patients: use of temperature monitoring as a self-assessment tool","volume":"30","author":"Lavery","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3269","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3269","article-title":"Guidelines on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update)","volume":"36","author":"Bus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2015.10.003","article-title":"The management of diabetic foot: a clinical practice guideline by the Society for Vascular Surgery in collaboration with the American Podiatric Medical Association and the Society for Vascular Medicine","volume":"63","author":"Hingorani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12391","article-title":"WHS guidelines update: diabetic foot ulcer treatment guidelines","volume":"24","author":"Lavery","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001440","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001440","article-title":"Lower resource utilization for patients with healed diabetic foot ulcers during participation in a prevention program with foot temperature monitoring","volume":"8","author":"Isaac","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2294","article-title":"Feasibility and efficacy of a Smart Mat technology to predict development of diabetic plantar ulcers","volume":"40","author":"Frykberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000696","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-000696","article-title":"Unilateral remote temperature monitoring to predict future ulceration for the diabetic foot in remission","volume":"7","author":"Lavery","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B10","unstructured":"Department of Veterans Affairs . Prevention of Amputation in Veterans Everywhere (PAVE) Program. Washington, DC: 2017. Accessed 22 March 2022. Available from https:\/\/www.navao.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/VHA-Directive-1410-Prevention-of-Amputation-in-Veterans-Everywhere-PAVE-Program-3-31-17.pdf"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31827da95a","article-title":"Predicting risk of hospitalization or death among patients receiving primary care in the Veterans Health Administration","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"2023072018563782000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108074","article-title":"Accuracy of a foot temperature monitoring mat for predicting diabetic foot ulcers in patients with recent wounds or partial foot amputation","volume":"161","author":"Gordon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/46\/8\/1464\/729572\/dc221492.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/46\/8\/1464\/729572\/dc221492.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T23:51:40Z","timestamp":1702597900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/46\/8\/1464\/151481\/Evaluation-of-the-Effectiveness-of-Remote-Foot"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc22-1492","relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.22816007.v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.22816007","asserted-by":"object"}],"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.22816007.v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2337\/figshare.22816007","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]}}}