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Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI were estimated using Cox models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We documented 18,290 type 2 diabetes, 6,520 early-onset cancer, and 36,907 later-onset cancer cases during follow-up. In fully adjusted analyses, early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer (HR [95% CI] 1.47 [1.06\u20132.04]), diabetes-related cancer (2.11 [1.38\u20133.23]), and obesity-related cancer (1.75 [1.08\u20132.82]), and the risk elevations were restricted to those with a BMI at 18 years of age of \u226521 kg\/m2 (total cancer: 1.75 [1.20\u20132.56]; diabetes-related cancer: 2.43 [1.50\u20133.94]; and obesity-related cancer: 1.84 [1.05\u20133.22]). Early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with higher risk of later-onset diabetes-related and obesity-related cancer specifically among individuals with higher BMI at 18 years of age. Later-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with a higher risk of later-onset total cancer (1.15 [1.11\u20131.20]), diabetes-related cancer (1.17 [1.12\u20131.22]), and obesity-related cancer (1.18 [1.13\u20131.24]). In analyses based on refined timing, the HRs attenuated substantially with aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incident early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer and diabetes- and obesity-related cancer, especially in those with higher BMI at 18 years of age. The impact of early-onset type 2 diabetes on cancer risk may be inherently stronger than that of later-onset type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T17:15:47Z","timestamp":1668791747000},"page":"120-129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Incident Early- and Later-Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Early- and Later-Onset Cancer: Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6367-6583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. 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Heather","family":"Eliassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA"},{"name":"2Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA"},{"name":"8Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian M.","family":"Wolpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meir J.","family":"Stampfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA"},{"name":"2Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. 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