{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T18:20:27Z","timestamp":1788027627986,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 DK094416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 DK094416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 DK056341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 DK056341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 DK20579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 DK20579"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the metabolic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with overweight or obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared fasting and postprandial plasma glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations, insulin sensitivity (IS; Matsuda index), and \u03b2-cell function (i.e., \u03b2-cell responsiveness to glucose) by using a frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 15 and 35 weeks\u2019 gestation in women with overweight or obesity who had GDM (n = 29) or did not have GDM (No-GDM; n = 164) at 35 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At 15 weeks, IS and \u03b2-cell function were lower, and fasting, 1-h, and total area-under-the-curve plasma glucose concentrations during the OGTT were higher (all P &amp;lt; 0.05) in the GDM than in the No-GDM group. At 35 weeks compared with 15 weeks, IS decreased, \u03b2-cell function increased, and postprandial suppression of plasma FFA was blunted in both the GDM and No-GDM groups, but the decrease in IS and the increase in postprandial FFA concentration were greater and the increase in \u03b2-cell function was less (all P \u2264 0.05) in the GDM than in the No-GDM group. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that both fasting plasma glucose and 1-h OGTT glucose concentration at 15 weeks are predictors of GDM, but the predictive power was &amp;lt;30%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with overweight or obesity and GDM, compared with those without GDM, have worse IS and \u03b2-cell function early during pregnancy and a greater subsequent decline in IS and blunted increase in \u03b2-cell function. Increased fasting and 1-h OGTT plasma glucose concentration early during pregnancy are markers of increased GDM risk, albeit with weak predictive power.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T13:30:49Z","timestamp":1685626249000},"page":"2147-2154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Insulin Sensitivity and \u03b2-Cell Function During Early and Late Pregnancy in Women With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0049-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina","family":"Mittendorfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University, St. Louis, MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce W.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University, St. Louis, MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6255-5616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debra","family":"Haire-Joshu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Brown School of Public Health, Washington University, St. Louis, MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison G.","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO"},{"name":"4Department of Women\u2019s Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2329-7623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. 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