{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:52:49Z","timestamp":1791312769515,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015769","name":"Dexcom","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swiss Foundation of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care"},{"name":"Swiss Helmut Horten Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may be challenged by extreme conditions during cardiac surgery using hypothermic extracorporeal circulation (ECC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the Dexcom G6 sensor in 16 subjects undergoing cardiac surgery with hypothermic ECC, of whom 11 received deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). Arterial blood glucose, quantified by the Accu-Chek Inform II meter, served as reference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intrasurgery mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of 256 paired CGM\/reference values was 23.8%. MARD was 29.1% during ECC (154 pairs) and 41.6% immediately after DHCA (10 pairs), with a negative bias (signed relative difference: \u221213.7%, \u221226.6%, and \u221241.6%). During surgery, 86.3% pairs were in Clarke error grid zones A or B and 41.0% of sensor readings fulfilled the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 15197:2013 norm. Postsurgery, MARD was 15.0%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiac surgery using hypothermic ECC challenges the accuracy of the Dexcom G6 CGM although recovery appears to occur thereafter.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-2260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T13:03:12Z","timestamp":1676984592000},"page":"864-867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Performance of the Dexcom G6 Continuous Glucose Monitoring System During Cardiac Surgery Using Hypothermic Extracorporeal Circulation"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Herzig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Vettoretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik P.","family":"Guensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Melmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Sch\u00fcrch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arna M.C.","family":"Goerg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabija","family":"Krutkyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Cecchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"3Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Facchinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas P.","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1993-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia","family":"Bally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.2337\/dci18-0002","article-title":"Diabetes technology update: use of insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring in the hospital","volume":"41","author":"Umpierrez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2856","article-title":"Accuracy of Dexcom G6 continuous glucose monitoring in non-critically ill hospitalized patients with diabetes","volume":"44","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14073","article-title":"Performance of a factory-calibrated, real-time continuous glucose monitoring system during elective abdominal surgery","volume":"22","author":"Tripyla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.04.001","article-title":"Cardioplegia and cardiac surgery: pharmacological arrest and cardioprotection during global ischemia and reperfusion","volume":"127","author":"Chambers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","first-page":"44","article-title":"Temperature management in cardiac surgery","volume":"2013","author":"Saad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glob Cardiol Sci Pract"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7061","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18137061","article-title":"The role of deep hypothermia in cardiac surgery","volume":"18","author":"Goco\u0142","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.10.5.622","article-title":"Evaluating clinical accuracy of systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose","volume":"10","author":"Clarke","year":"1987","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration . FDA authorizes first fully interoperable continuous glucose monitoring system, streamlines review pathway for similar devices. Accessed 15 June 2022, https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-authorizes-first-fully-interoperable-continuous-glucose-monitoring-system-streamlines-review"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2386","article-title":"Continuous glucose monitoring in the operating room and cardiac intensive care unit","volume":"44","author":"Perez-Guzman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2085","article-title":"Remote continuous glucose monitoring with a computerized insulin infusion protocol for critically ill patients in a COVID-19 medical ICU: proof of concept","volume":"44","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0347","article-title":"Real-time continuous glucose monitoring in pediatric patients during and after cardiac surgery","volume":"118","author":"Piper","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00726.2021","article-title":"Extracorporeal circulation impairs microcirculation perfusion and organ function","volume":"132","author":"Govender","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2005.04.032","article-title":"In vivo effects of hypothermia on the microcirculation during extracorporeal circulation","volume":"28","author":"Kamler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2023032318545126700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296815578716","article-title":"Rate-of-change dependence of the performance of two CGM systems during induced glucose swings","volume":"9","author":"Pleus","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/46\/4\/864\/700600\/dc222260.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/46\/4\/864\/700600\/dc222260.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]],"date-time":"2023-03-25T19:52:21Z","timestamp":1679773941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/46\/4\/864\/148431\/Performance-of-the-Dexcom-G6-Continuous-Glucose"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc22-2260","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]}}}