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We used a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusting for potential confounders to study early feeding and the risk of IA in a sample of 7,770 children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Any solid food introduced early (&amp;lt;6 months) was associated with increased risk of IA if the child had the HLA DR3\/4 genotype and no probiotic exposure during the 1st year of life. Rice introduced at 4\u20135.9 months compared with later in the U.S. was associated with an increased risk of IA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Timing of solid food introduction, including rice, may be associated with IA in children with the HLA DR3\/4 genotype not exposed to probiotics. The microbiome composition under these exposure combinations requires further study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-0417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T21:13:23Z","timestamp":1692047603000},"page":"1839-1847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["HLA Genotype and Probiotics Modify the Association Between Timing of Solid Food Introduction and Islet Autoimmunity in the TEDDY Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9132-7727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulla","family":"Uusitalo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lazarus K.","family":"Mramba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Health 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