{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:13:42Z","timestamp":1791724422220,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005205","name":"Janssen Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005205","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK101659"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK101659"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR002535"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR002535"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has conventionally focused on carbohydrate restriction. In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), we tested the hypothesis that a diet (all meals provided) with liberalized complex carbohydrate (60%) and lower fat (25%) (CHOICE diet) could improve maternal insulin resistance and 24-h glycemia, resulting in reduced newborn adiposity (NB%fat; powered outcome) versus a conventional lower-carbohydrate (40%) and higher-fat (45%) (LC\/CONV) diet.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After diagnosis (at \u223c28\u201330 weeks\u2019 gestation), 59 women with diet-controlled GDM (mean \u00b1 SEM; BMI 32 \u00b1 1 kg\/m2) were randomized to a provided LC\/CONV or CHOICE diet (BMI-matched calories) through delivery. At 30\u201331 and 36\u201337 weeks of gestation, a 2-h, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) was worn for 72 h. Cord blood samples were collected at delivery. NB%fat was measured by air displacement plethysmography (13.4 \u00b1 0.4 days).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were 23 women per group (LC\/CONV [214 g\/day carbohydrate] and CHOICE [316 g\/day carbohydrate]). For LC\/CONV and CHOICE, respectively (mean \u00b1 SEM), NB%fat (10.1 \u00b1 1 vs. 10.5 \u00b1 1), birth weight (3,303 \u00b1 98 vs. 3,293 \u00b1 81 g), and cord C-peptide levels were not different. Weight gain, physical activity, and gestational age at delivery were similar. At 36\u201337 weeks of gestation, CGM fasting (86 \u00b1 3 vs. 90 \u00b1 3 mg\/dL), 1-h postprandial (119 \u00b1 3 vs. 117 \u00b1 3 mg\/dL), 2-h postprandial (106 \u00b1 3 vs. 108 \u00b1 3 mg\/dL), percent time in range (%TIR; 92 \u00b1 1 vs. 91 \u00b1 1), and 24-h glucose area under the curve values were similar between diets. The %time &amp;gt;120 mg\/dL was statistically higher (8%) in CHOICE, as was the nocturnal glucose AUC; however, nocturnal %TIR (63\u2013100 mg\/dL) was not different. There were no between-group differences in OGTT glucose and insulin levels at 36\u201337 weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A \u223c100 g\/day difference in carbohydrate intake did not result in between-group differences in NB%fat, cord C-peptide level, maternal 24-h glycemia, %TIR, or insulin resistance indices in diet-controlled GDM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-0617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T18:35:10Z","timestamp":1693334110000},"page":"1931-1940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Randomization to a Provided Higher-Complex-Carbohydrate Versus Conventional Diet in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Results in Similar Newborn Adiposity"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7024-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teri L.","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO"},{"name":"2Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO"},{"name":"3Division of Patient Care Services, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah S.","family":"Farabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO"},{"name":"5Department of Research, Goldfarb School of Nursing at Barnes-Jewish College, St. Louis, MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bailey K.","family":"Fosdick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO"},{"name":"2Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily Z.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO"},{"name":"2Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristy","family":"Rolloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO"},{"name":"2Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Corbett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Tandem Diabetes, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyson","family":"Marden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Colorado Clinical and Translational Institute, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Higgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of 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