{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:56:54Z","timestamp":1792173414327,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018368","name":"UnitedHealth Group","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018368","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007028","name":"Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007028","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived glycemic patterns can characterize pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as diagnosed by standard oral glucose tolerance test at 24\u201328 weeks\u2019 gestation compared with those without GDM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The analysis includes 768 individuals enrolled from two sites prior to 17 weeks\u2019 gestation between June 2020 and December 2021 in a prospective observational study. Participants wore blinded Dexcom G6 CGMs throughout gestation. Main outcome of interest was a diagnosis of GDM by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Glycemic levels in participants with GDM versus without GDM were characterized using CGM-measured glycemic metrics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants with GDM (n = 58 [8%]) had higher mean glucose (109 \u00b1 13 vs. 100 \u00b1 8 mg\/dL [6.0 \u00b1 0.7 vs. 5.6 \u00b1 0.4 mmol\/L], P &amp;lt; 0.001), greater glucose SD (23 \u00b1 4 vs. 19 \u00b1 3 mg\/dL [1.3 \u00b1 0.2 vs. 1.1 \u00b1 0.2 mmol\/L], P &amp;lt; 0.001), less time in range 63\u2013120 mg\/dL (3.5\u20136.7 mmol\/L) (70% \u00b1 17% vs. 84% \u00b1 8%, P &amp;lt; 0.001), greater percent time &amp;gt;120 mg\/dL (&amp;gt;6.7 mmol\/L) (median 23% vs. 12%, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and greater percent time &amp;gt;140 mg\/dL (&amp;gt;7.8 mmol\/L) (median 7.4% vs. 2.7%, P &amp;lt; 0.001) than those without GDM throughout gestation prior to OGTT. Median percent time &amp;gt;120 mg\/dL (&amp;gt;6.7 mmol\/L) and time &amp;gt;140 mg\/dL (&amp;gt;7.8 mmol\/L) were higher as early as 13\u201314 weeks of gestation (32% vs. 14%, P &amp;lt; 0.001, and 5.2% vs. 2.0%, P &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively) and persisted during the entire study period prior to OGTT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prior to OGTT at 24\u201334 weeks\u2019 gestation, pregnant individuals who develop GDM have higher CGM-measured glucose levels and more hyperglycemia compared with those who do not develop GDM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-2149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T20:04:15Z","timestamp":1714766655000},"page":"1333-1341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Continuous Glucose Monitoring Profiles in Pregnancies With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1751-2312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celeste","family":"Durnwald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Maternal Fetal Medicine Research Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy W.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoey","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Maternal Fetal Medicine Research Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard M.","family":"Bergenstal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3International Diabetes Center, HealthPartners Institute, St. Louis Park, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3International Diabetes Center, HealthPartners Institute, St. Louis Park, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Dunnigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3International Diabetes Center, HealthPartners Institute, St. Louis Park, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Banfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3International Diabetes Center, HealthPartners Institute, St. Louis Park, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Krumwiede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3International Diabetes Center, HealthPartners Institute, St. Louis Park, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judy","family":"Sibayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Calhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders L.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3International Diabetes Center, HealthPartners Institute, St. Louis Park, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024072518511920800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109050","article-title":"IDF diabetes atlas: estimation of global and regional gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence for 2021 by International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group\u2019s criteria","volume":"183","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2024072518511920800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0741","article-title":"The relative contribution of prepregnancy overweight and obesity, gestational weight gain, and IADPSG-defined gestational diabetes mellitus to fetal overgrowth","volume":"36","author":"Black","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2024072518511920800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.1.127","article-title":"Effects of gestational diabetes on perinatal morbidity reassessed. 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