{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T19:20:41Z","timestamp":1792869641819,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 DK114156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 DK114156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes and obesity are associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health utility (HU), but long-term effects of metabolic\/bariatric surgery (MBS) compared with those of medical\/lifestyle intervention (MLI) on these outcomes are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We studied 228 individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity randomly assigned to MBS (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, or gastric band; n = 152) or MLI (n = 76) in the ARMMS-T2D study. HRQoL (36-Item Short-Form Health Survey [SF-36], including Physical Component Score [PCS] and Mental Component Score [MCS]) and HU (Short Form 6 Dimensions [SF-6D]) were measured annually up to 12 years.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At baseline, participants\u2019 mean \u00b1 SD age was 49.2 \u00b1 8.0 years, 68.4% were female, BMI was 36.3 \u00b1 3.4 kg\/m2, and HbA1c was 8.7 \u00b1 1.6%. PCS improved significantly more in the MBS versus MLI group over 12 years (+2.37 \u00b1 0.53 vs. \u22120.95 \u00b1 0.73; difference 3.32 \u00b1 0.85; P &amp;lt; 0.001). MBS was associated with better general health (P &amp;lt; 0.001), physical functioning (P = 0.001), and vitality (P = 0.003). Reduction in BMI was greater after MBS versus MLI (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and correlated with improved PCS (r = \u22120.43; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Change in PCS was not associated with change in HbA1c. MCS changed minimally from baseline and was similar between MBS and MLI groups during follow-up (\u22120.21 \u00b1 0.61 vs. \u22120.89 \u00b1 0.84; difference 0.68 \u00b1 0.97; P = 0.48). Improvements in HU were greater in the MBS versus MLI group over 12 years (+0.02 \u00b1 0.01 vs. \u22120.01 \u00b1 0.01; difference 0.03 \u00b1 0.01; P = 0.003).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Metabolic surgery produces sustained weight loss and improves PCS, general health, physical functioning, vitality, and HU in individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity compared with medical therapy up to 12 years after intervention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-2046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T16:37:26Z","timestamp":1738687046000},"page":"537-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Health-Related Quality of Life and Health Utility After Metabolic\/Bariatric Surgery Versus Medical\/Lifestyle Intervention in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: The ARMMS-T2D Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4670-6290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donald C.","family":"Simonson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA"},{"name":"2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William F.","family":"Gourash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Arterburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta R.","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH"},{"name":"6Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary-Elizabeth","family":"Patti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"},{"name":"8Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4973-7869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita P.","family":"Courcoulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 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