{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T18:37:42Z","timestamp":1786387062854,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["5T32DK007269"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32DK007269"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["DK095963"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK095963"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["DK117491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK117491"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["HD34242"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD34242"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["HD34243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD34243"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["HG-004415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HG-004415"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R03CA211318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03CA211318"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We tested associations of type 2 diabetes genetic risk score (T2D-GRS) and exposure to maternal hyperglycemia with childhood impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and T2D and glycemic outcomes in youth from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We calculated T2D-GRS using 1,150 known genetic variants associated with T2D in adults. In utero exposures included gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and sum-of-glucose z scores during oral glucose tolerance test at \u223c28 weeks\u2019 gestation. IGT + T2D and continuous glycemic outcomes were measured when children were 10\u201314 years old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 3,444 children (mean age, 11.4 years), higher maternal sum-of-glucose z scores and child T2D-GRS were both associated with higher glucose levels. In children exposed to GDM and with T2D-GRS &amp;gt;75th percentile, 15.9% had IGT + T2D, compared with 5.6% in nonexposed children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High genetic risk for diabetes and in utero exposure to maternal hyperglycemia are additively associated with IGT + T2D and glycemic outcomes in youth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-2891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T11:13:29Z","timestamp":1747653209000},"page":"1356-1360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["In Utero Exposure to Maternal Hyperglycemia and Offspring Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Are Independently Associated With Risk of Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Youth"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Abigayil C.","family":"Dieguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. 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