{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:53:42Z","timestamp":1792144422305,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001648","name":"European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003092","name":"Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021.81.004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021.81.004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003092","name":"Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024.35.001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024.35.001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Life expectancy of individuals with type 1 diabetes has increased, extending exposure to age-related conditions including dementia. Although earlier studies have linked type 1 diabetes with higher dementia risk, the relationships with dementia subtypes and associated risk factors are incompletely understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cohort study, 43,440 individuals with type 1 diabetes from the Swedish National Diabetes Register and 217,109 age-, sex-, and county-matched control individuals from the Swedish Total Population Register were included. Cox regression was used to study the relation between type 1 diabetes and risk of all-cause dementia and dementia subtypes (Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, and non-Alzheimer\u2013nonvascular dementia). We also examined the relationship between various risk factors and risk of all-cause dementia in type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After a median follow-up time of 14.3 (7.9\u201320.0) years, dementia was recorded in 530 (1.2%) individuals with type 1 diabetes and 1,867 (0.9%) age-, sex-, and county-matched control individuals (mean baseline age 33.0 [14.0] years). Compared with control individuals, individuals with type 1 diabetes had a higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 2.02 [95% CI 1.83\u20132.23], Alzheimer disease (HR 1.38 [95% CI 1.13\u20131.69]), vascular dementia (HR 3.73 [95% CI 3.07\u20134.52]) and non-Alzheimer\u2013nonvascular dementia (HR 1.87 [95% CI 1.63\u20132.15]). Risk factors related to dementia risk in type 1 diabetes beyond age were lower education level, being single, higher systolic blood pressure, higher HbA1c, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, history of cardiovascular disease, and longer diabetes duration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The risk of all-cause dementia and dementia subtypes is higher in individuals with type 1 diabetes compared with matched control individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-0773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T10:17:00Z","timestamp":1758277020000},"page":"1888-1895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dementia Risk in People With Type 1 Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors: A Nationwide, Register-Based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5193-8459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Jancev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Utrecht 1 , Utrecht, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2569-4160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Eliasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital 2 , Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8072-2836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hertzel C.","family":"Gerstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences 3 , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Eeg-Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital 2 , Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Center of Registers V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland 4 , Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1289-5633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tali","family":"Cukierman-Yaffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Epidemiology Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University 5 , Tel-Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6862-2496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geert Jan","family":"Biessels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center 6 , Utrecht, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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