{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T06:01:54Z","timestamp":1794031314181,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems are the standard of care in type 1 diabetes. Recent studies suggest benefits of these systems for people with type 2 diabetes, as well.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effects of AID systems on glycemic outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes requiring insulin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SOURCES<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched through 10 March 2025. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251036184).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>STUDY SELECTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine studies (n = 1,530 participants) were included that evaluated AID systems in people with type 2 diabetes reporting continuous glucose monitoring outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA EXTRACTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were collected on study characteristics and outcomes including time in range (TIR) (3.9\u201310.0 mmol\/L [70\u2013180 mg\/dL]), time above range (TAR) (&amp;gt;10.0 mmol\/L [&amp;gt;180 mg\/dL]), time below range (TBR) (&amp;lt;3.9 mmol\/L [&amp;lt;70 mg\/dL]), mean glucose, and HbA1c. We performed a single-arm meta-analysis using a random-effects model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SYNTHESIS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AID systems significantly increased TIR by 16.06% (95% CI 10.48\u201321.65), changed TAR by \u221215.90% (95% CI \u201321.44 to \u201310.36), changed HbA1c by \u22121.27% (95% CI \u20132.06 to \u20130.48), and changed mean glucose by \u221221.34 mg\/dL (95% CI \u201332.06 to \u201310.62) or 1.19 mmol\/L (95% CI \u20131.78 to \u20130.59). There was a modest yet significant reduction in TBR. There were no changes in body weight or BMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LIMITATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heterogeneous study designs, including only three randomized controlled trials, and imputed missing data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AID systems improved glucose control in a diverse population of individuals with type 2 diabetes requiring insulin therapy with reduction in hypoglycemia. These findings support recommendations for AID systems use in future type 2 diabetes management guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-2435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T14:21:48Z","timestamp":1775485308000},"page":"1134-1143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1325-5948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larissa C.","family":"Hespanhol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Campina Grande 1 , Cajazeiras, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7981-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubham","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center 2 , Omaha, NE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Carvalhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Campina Grande 3 , Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar In\u00e1cio","family":"de Mendon\u00e7a Bisneto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Campina Grande 1 , Cajazeiras, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Cavalcante Lima","family":"Chagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation 4 , Cleveland, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9295-3225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo J.","family":"Galindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Miami 5 , Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5996-0661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marconi","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Southwestern 6 , Dallas, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026061016265356300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. 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