{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:15:49Z","timestamp":1761513349640},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Basal and yellow fever vaccination-induced 2\u2032,5\u2032-oligoadenylate synthetase (2\u2032,5\u2032A) activity was determined in blood mononuclear cells (peripheral blood lymphocytes [PBLs]) from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and matched control subjects. The live attenuated yellow fever vaccine represented a primary stimulus in all subjects. First, basal 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity increased severalfold in response to yellow fever vaccination. In IDDM subjects, this increase was significantly lower (P = .025). Second, the 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity increased proportionately to the higher basal 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity in IDDM subjects. In control subjects, the increase in 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity was not dependent on the basal activity. There was no relationship between basal or stimulated 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity and age, sex, duration of IDDM, age at onset of IDDM, metabolic control, or HLA-DQ \u03b2-chain gene polymorphism. There is a direct relationship between 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity and latent viral infections associated with the presence of double-stranded RNA and with cellular interferons (IFNs) formed in response to viral infections. The higher basal 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity (P = .05) in relation to the stimulated activity may therefore signify a latent infection or the presence of double-stranded RNA in PBLs of IDDM subjects. In Vitro stimulation of PBLs showed increased IFN sensitivity in IDDM subjects. Analysis of 2\u2032,5\u2032A activity is proposed to be a sensitive measure of the activation of the IFN system and the level of latent infectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.38.12.1636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T17:16:02Z","timestamp":1379610962000},"page":"1636-1642","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Association of IDDM and Attenuated Response of 2\u2032,5\u2032-Oligoadenylate Synthetase to Yellow Fever Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"V","family":"Bonnevie-Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Odense University Hospital\u2008Odense\u2008Hagedorn Research Laboratory\u2008Gentofte, Denmark\u2008Department of Medicine, University of Washington\u2008Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M L","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Odense University Hospital\u2008Odense\u2008Hagedorn Research Laboratory\u2008Gentofte, Denmark\u2008Department of Medicine, University of Washington\u2008Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J J","family":"Frifelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Odense University Hospital\u2008Odense\u2008Hagedorn Research Laboratory\u2008Gentofte, Denmark\u2008Department of Medicine, University of Washington\u2008Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Michelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Odense University Hospital\u2008Odense\u2008Hagedorn Research Laboratory\u2008Gentofte, Denmark\u2008Department of Medicine, University of Washington\u2008Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c5","family":"Lernmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Odense University Hospital\u2008Odense\u2008Hagedorn Research Laboratory\u2008Gentofte, Denmark\u2008Department of Medicine, University of Washington\u2008Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1167","container-title":["Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.org\/diabetes\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/38\/12\/1636\/356430\/38-12-1636.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/38\/12\/1636\/356430\/38-12-1636.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T16:11:46Z","timestamp":1667405506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article\/38\/12\/1636\/8993\/Association-of-IDDM-and-Attenuated-Response-of-2-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,12,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diab.38.12.1636","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-1797","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-327X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,12,1]]}}}