{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T01:31:49Z","timestamp":1792719109409,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Morphological analysis of hormone content and functional assessment of hormone secretion were conducted in \u03b2 TC-6 cells, an insulin-secreting cell line derived from transgenic mice expressing the large T-antigen of simian virus 40 (SV40) in pancreatic \u03b2-cells. We observed by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy that \u03b2 TC-6 cells contain abundant insulin and small amounts of glucagon and somatostatin (SRIF). Glucagon usually co-localized with insulin, whereas cells containing SRIF did not contain insulin or glucagon. Static incubation and perifusion experiments demonstrated that \u03b2 TC-6 cells at passage 30\u201345 secrete insulin in response to glucose. In static incubations, maximal stimulation was achieved for glucose concentrations &amp;gt; 2.8 mmol\/l glucose, and the half-maximal effect was observed at 0.5 mmol\/l. Maximal stimulation was four times &amp;gt; HIT-T15 cells at passage 72\u201381, although HIT cells had a greater response over their basal levels. The magnitude of the insulin response to glucose in perifusion was 1,734 \u00b1 384 pmol.l\u22121. min and was 4.6-fold greater in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Low amounts of glucagon were released in response to amino acids. Epinephrine (EPI), and to a lesser extent SRIF, inhibited phasic glucose-induced insulin secretion. A major portion of these inhibitory effects was mediated by pertussis toxin-sensitive substrates. Immunoblots detected the presence of the G-proteins Gi\u03b12, Gi\u03b13, and Go\u03b12. These results indicate that \u03b2TC-6 cells are a glucose-responsive cell line in which insulin exocytosis is physiologically regulated by EPI and SRIF through Gi\/Go-mediated mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.44.3.306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T17:22:06Z","timestamp":1379611326000},"page":"306-313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Morphological and Functional Characterization of \u03b2TC-6 Cells\u2014an Insulin-Secreting Cell Line Derived From Transgenic Mice"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Vincent","family":"Poitout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School\u2008Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence E","family":"Stout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy, University of Minnesota Medical School\u2008Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School\u2008Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy F","family":"Walseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School\u2008Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L","family":"Sorenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy, University of Minnesota Medical School\u2008Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R Paul","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School\u2008Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","container-title":["Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.org\/diabetes\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/44\/3\/306\/361567\/44-3-306.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article-pdf\/44\/3\/306\/361567\/44-3-306.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T16:27:29Z","timestamp":1667406449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/diabetes\/article\/44\/3\/306\/10300\/Morphological-and-Functional-Characterization-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,3,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diab.44.3.306","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-1797","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-327X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,3,1]]}}}