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Regional fat, intramyocellular lipid (by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy), serum lipids, and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp) were quantified in 10 men who had HIV-1 infection with moderate to severe lipodystrophy and a control group of 10 nonlipodystrophic men who had HIV-1 infection and were nai\u0308ve to protease inhibitors to examine the effects of lipodystrophy on glucose and lipid metabolism. Lipodystrophic subjects showed lower insulin-stimulated glucose disposal than control subjects (P = 0.001) and had increased serum triglycerides (P = 0.03), less limb fat (P = 0.02), increased visceral fat as a proportion of total abdominal fat (P = 0.003), and increased intramyocellular lipid (1.90 \u00b1 0.15 vs. 1.23 \u00b1 0.16% of water resonance peak area; P = 0.007). In both groups combined, visceral fat related strongly to intramyocellular lipid (r = 0.83, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and intramyocellular lipid related negatively to insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (r = \u22120.71, P = 0.0005). Fasting serum cholesterol and triglycerides related positively to intramyocellular lipid and visceral fat in lipodystrophic subjects only. The data indicate that lipodystrophy is associated with increased lipid content in muscle accompanying impaired insulin action. The results do not establish causation but emphasize the interrelationships among visceral fat, myocyte lipid, and insulin action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.11.3163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,6]],"date-time":"2007-03-06T19:04:22Z","timestamp":1173207862000},"page":"3163-3169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Altered Myocellular and Abdominal Fat Partitioning Predict Disturbance in Insulin Action in HIV Protease Inhibitor-Related Lipodystrophy"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Seng Khee","family":"Gan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism and Diabetes Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Samaras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism and Diabetes Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Campbell H.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward W.","family":"Kraegen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism and Diabetes Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Medicine Unit and Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Medicine Unit and Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald J.","family":"Chisholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism and Diabetes Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031217113588000_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reaven GM: Banting Lecture 1988: role of insulin resistance in human disease. 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