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Systemic or ICV MSI-1436 administration induced similar patterns of Fos immunoreactivity in the brain, especially the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN). This brain region integrates neural signals from hypothalamic and brain stem nuclei and regulates feeding behavior, autonomic function, and neuroendocrine function. Microinjection of MSI-1436 into the PVN potently suppressed feeding and reduced body weight for several days. Unlike caloric restriction, MSI-1436 decreased mRNA levels of agouti-related peptide and neuropeptide Y in the hypothalamus. These findings indicate that MSI-1436 acts in the brain to regulate food intake and energy expenditure, likely through suppression of orexigenic hypothalamic pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.7.2099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,6]],"date-time":"2007-03-06T19:04:22Z","timestamp":1173207862000},"page":"2099-2104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Appetite Suppression and Weight Reduction by a Centrally Active Aminosterol"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Rexford S.","family":"Ahima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiralben R.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiko","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley M.","family":"Hileman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robert C. 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